2026 August - 193 articles
Most active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) reach their target by passive systemic distribution, so the dose required for efficacy at the lesion is set by what healthy tissue can tolerate; conventional dosage forms consequently produce pharmacokine...
Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains highly aggressive and continues to limit clinical treatment for substantial cancer-associated morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite advances in therapeutic interventions the lack of e...
Background/Objectives: Human carbonic anhydrase (CA) isoforms are clinically relevant zinc metalloenzymes, but their highly conserved catalytic Zn2+ site makes isoform-selective inhibitor design challenging. This study developed an explainable multi-...
Background/Objectives: Male hypogonadism affects 35–50% of men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. The relationship between testosterone deficiency and response to incretin-based therapies (GLP-1 and GIP receptor agonists) remains...
Background/Objectives: Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) is a key regulator of cell-cycle progression and a potential anticancer target. This study aimed to identify alkaloid-derived CDK2 ligands using an integrated computational workflow and to obtai...
Background/Objectives: Blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability is a major practical obstacle in central nervous system (CNS) drug discovery, because only a small fraction of drug-like molecules achieve sufficient brain exposure. Methods: We pres...
The study of plant-derived secondary metabolites has advanced the field of pharmacochemistry [...]
Background: Faricimab 6 mg and aflibercept 8 mg permit extended treatment intervals in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), but their pivotal programmes used different loading and maintenance schedules. This study compared treatment b...
Background/Objectives: Skin aging involves interconnected inflammatory, oxidative, hormonal, extracellular matrix (ECM), and cellular senescence-related mechanisms, supporting the need for multitarget approaches. This study aimed to evaluate the effe...
Background/Objectives: Metal-based coordination compounds are attracting attention in medicinal inorganic chemistry because changes in the metal centre can influence their physicochemical properties and biological responses. This study aimed to evalu...
This exploratory study compared the flowers, leaves, and roots of Hypochaeris sessiliflora to evaluate physicochemical properties, bioactive compounds, in vitro chemical antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity, and locomotion-disrupting effects...
Background: Berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid present in Berberis spp., Coptis chinensis and Hydrastis canadensis, is among the most widely consumed metabolic-health supplements, popularized as “nature’s Ozempic”. Concurrent, ofte...
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are dynamic allosteric proteins whose signaling properties are governed by reciprocal communication between extracellular ligand-binding sites and intracellular transducer interfaces. Although classical pharmacolog...
Background/Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanisms in Parkinson’s disease (PD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons, aggregation of α-synuclein, mitocho...
Background: Tankyrase 1 (TNKS1) is a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase involved in Wnt/β-catenin signaling, telomere maintenance, and genomic stability, making it an attractive therapeutic target in oncology. This study aimed to develop and apply an i...
Background: Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3/ERK1) plays a central role in cellular proliferation, inflammation, apoptosis, and survival signalling and has been implicated in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), periodontitis, oral lichen pl...
Optimizing pharmacotherapy is a central goal of clinical pharmacology [...]
Background/Objectives: Batai orthobunyavirus (BATV) is an emerging mosquito-borne zoonotic pathogen for which no licensed vaccine is currently available. The viral envelope glycoprotein plays an important role in viral attachment and host immune reco...
The biosynthesis of copper and copper oxide nanoparticles (Cu/CuO-NPs) has attracted considerable interest due to its non-toxic, eco-friendly nature and wide-ranging applications, especially in nanomedicine and biomedical fields. Traditional nanopart...
Background/Objectives: Pharmacogenetics (PGx) may improve drug safety and effectiveness, but its integration into routine care remains heterogeneous across the Spanish National Health System (NHS). This article presents BioFRAM PGx, a multicentre imp...
Acne vulgaris is one of the most prevalent dermatological conditions, affecting up to 85% of individuals aged 11–30 years. Clascoterone cream is the first topical androgen receptor inhibitor approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FD...
Objective: Siweixizangmaoru decoction (SXD), a classical Tibetan prescription documented in the medical text Four Medical Tantras, has shown therapeutic activity in experimental rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, its candidate active constituents an...
Background/Objectives: Vancomycin remains a cornerstone antibiotic for Gram-positive infections, but its narrow therapeutic window and marked pharmacokinetic variability in critical patients complicate dosing. This study aimed to analyze survival and...
Background/Objectives: Diabetes mellitus is known to exacerbate neural degeneration and impair regenerative capacity following injury. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Garcinia kola and curcumin on spinal cord morphology and neural stru...
Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is among the most pressing challenges in modern infectious medicine, driving progressive failure of standard antibacterial therapy and rising mortality from infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) pat...
Background: Motor and intellectual disabilities (MIDs) belong to a restricted and vulnerable social group with health restrictions for maintaining and preserving adequate oral health. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have appeared as an encouraging thera...
Background/Objectives: Oral small-molecule inhibitors of activated factor XI (FXIa) are intended to attenuate thrombosis with less disruption of hemostasis than established anticoagulants, but clinical outcomes have not consistently paralleled pharma...
Error in Figures [...]
Background: Intravenous magnesium sulfate has been proposed as an adjuvant analgesic in perioperative care; however, its effects on postoperative pain and related analgesic outcomes remain uncertain. Methods: A systematic search of the literature was...
Background/Objectives: Transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) is a progressive disease caused by the dissociation of the transthyretin (TTR) tetramer, leading to amyloid fibril formation. Although pharmacological stabilizers have been developed, preventive...
The genus Dalea (Fabaceae) comprises approximately 188 recognized species distributed mainly in arid and semi-arid regions of the American continent, where several species have been traditionally used in folk medicine for the treatment of gastrointes...
Background/Objectives: Essential oils (EOs) are complex mixtures extracted from plants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, as well as in vivo toxicity against Drosophila melanogas...
Background/Objectives: Rituximab has improved outcomes in pemphigus vulgaris (PV), but treatment response remains heterogeneous and no clinically validated biomarker currently supports reliable individual-level prediction. Oral lesions frequently rep...
Background/Objectives: Despite the widespread use of essential oils in aromatherapy, objective evidence supporting their neurophysiological effects remains limited. This study evaluated the effects of selected pharmacopoeial-quality essential oils (l...
Therapeutic antibodies have transformed the management of infectious diseases, autoimmune disorders, and cancer, yet most approved agents continue to rely on a limited range of IgG-based Fc scaffolds. Consequently, the broader therapeutic potential o...
Background: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are chronic wounds characterized by persistent inflammation, oxidative stress, impaired angiogenesis, and defective extracellular matrix remodeling. Current therapeutic approaches remain insufficient for refrac...
Background: The efficacy of chemotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is limited by intrinsic resistance and the tumor microenvironment (TME). Accumulating evidence reveals a mechanistic connection between programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)...
Malaria remains a major global health problem, especially in low- and mid-income countries where Plasmodium parasites are commonly endemic. Despite the significant number of available drugs to treat the disease, some aspects, such as increasing resis...
Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a key pathological basis for gout and uric acid (UA) nephropathy, and its increasing global prevalence presents a substantial public health challenge. Natural products (NPs) have emerged as a research hotspot due to their poten...
Background/Objectives: Antimicrobial resistance is a critical threat to global public health. Eugenol is a bioactive compound with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity that has attracted increasing interest as a naturally derived antimicrobial agent...
Background/Objectives: Immune checkpoint blockade targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis is a standard treatment for urothelial carcinoma (UC), but 20–30% of patients develop resistance. The underlying mechanisms, particularly regarding tumor microenvir...
Background/Objective: Cinnamaldehyde (CA) is a naturally occurring bioactive compound derived from the leaves, bark, roots, and flowers of the Chinese medicinal plant Cinnamomum cassia. It exhibits a broad spectrum of pharmacological properties, enco...
Background: Benzodiazepines and non-benzodiazepine hypnotics (Z-drugs) act at the benzodiazepine binding site of GABAA receptors but differ in their receptor subtype selectivity and behavioural profiles. Diazepam acts as a non-selective positive allo...
Background/Objectives: Osteonecrosis of the jaw, a non-healing wound, is a side effect in patients treated with nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (e.g., zoledronate) after some oral procedures. Considering zoledronate toxicity in surgical wounds an...
Background: Male infertility, largely driven by declining sperm quality, is a growing global concern. Radix Bupleuri Chinensis (Chaihu, CH)—a key component of traditional formulas such as Chaihu Shengjing Tang and Chaihu Shugan San—has be...
Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common bacterial pathogens in humans and the primary etiological agent of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric cancer. Its ability to establish persistent gastric colonization relies on multiple...
Background/Objectives: Verbena officinalis has long been used in traditional medicine for treating skin disorders, yet its potential in advanced wound-dressing systems remains insufficiently explored. This study aimed to characterize V. officinalis e...
Background/Objective: Niclosamide exhibits considerable potential for the treatment of drug-resistant cancers. However, its poor aqueous solubility substantially limits its oral bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. To overcome this limitation, w...
Background/Objectives: Antibody selection is critical for advancing pretargeted PET imaging toward clinical translation. This study directly compared two clinically approved anti-HER2 antibodies—trastuzumab and pertuzumab—within an identi...
Depression is a leading cause of disability worldwide, and currently available antidepressants are limited by delayed therapeutic onset, inadequate efficacy in some patients, and adverse effects. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), the largest famil...
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