Flood Hazard Assessment of the Urban Area of Tabuk City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia by Integrating Spatial-Based Hydrologic and Hydrodynamic Modeling
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Research Center, Ministry of Housing, Riyadh 68222, Saudi Arabia
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Department of Geography, Faculty of Art, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
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Geography and GIS Department, College of Arts, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
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Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
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Geological Hazards Department, Applied Geology Sector, Saudi Geological Survey, P.O. Box 54141, Jeddah 21514, Saudi Arabia
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Centre for Advanced Modelling and Geospatial Information Systems (CAMGIS), Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
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Department of Energy and Mineral Resources Engineering, Choongmu-gwan, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sensors 2019, 19(5), 1024; https://doi.org/10.3390/s19051024
Received: 24 December 2018
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Revised: 22 February 2019
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Accepted: 27 February 2019
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Published: 28 February 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Remote Sensing of Earth Observation: Special Focus on Natural Resources and the Environment)
This study deals with the use of remote sensing (RS), geographic information systems (GISs), hydrologic modeling (water modeling system, WMS), and hydraulic modeling (Hydrologic Engineering Center River Analysis System, HEC-RAS) to evaluate the impact of flash flood hazards on the sustainable urban development of Tabuk City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Determining the impact of flood hazards on the urban area and developing alternatives for protection and prevention measures were the main aims of this work. Tabuk City is exposed to frequent flash flooding due to its location along the outlets of five major wadis. These wadis frequently carry flash floods, seriously impacting the urban areas of the city. WMS and HEC-HMS models and RS data were used to determine the paths and morphological characteristics of the wadis, the hydrographic flow of different drainage basins, flow rates and volumes, and the expansion of agricultural and urban areas from 1998 to 2018. Finally, hydraulic modeling of the HEC-RAS program was applied to delineate the urban areas that could be inundated with floodwater. Ultimately, the most suitable remedial measures are proposed to protect the future sustainable urban development of Tabuk City from flood hazards. This approach is rarely used in the KSA. We propose a novel method that could help decision-makers and planners in determining inundated flood zones before planning future urban and agricultural development in the KSA.
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Keywords:
sustainable urban development; remote sensing; GIS; hydrologic modeling; hydraulic modeling (HEC-RAS); flood hazard; Tabuk City; Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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MDPI and ACS Style
Abdelkarim, A.; Gaber, A.F.D.; Youssef, A.M.; Pradhan, B. Flood Hazard Assessment of the Urban Area of Tabuk City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia by Integrating Spatial-Based Hydrologic and Hydrodynamic Modeling. Sensors 2019, 19, 1024. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19051024
AMA Style
Abdelkarim A, Gaber AFD, Youssef AM, Pradhan B. Flood Hazard Assessment of the Urban Area of Tabuk City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia by Integrating Spatial-Based Hydrologic and Hydrodynamic Modeling. Sensors. 2019; 19(5):1024. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19051024
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdelkarim, Ashraf, Ahmed F.D. Gaber, Ahmed M. Youssef, and Biswajeet Pradhan. 2019. "Flood Hazard Assessment of the Urban Area of Tabuk City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia by Integrating Spatial-Based Hydrologic and Hydrodynamic Modeling" Sensors 19, no. 5: 1024. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19051024
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