Arbitrary Microphone Array Optimization Method Based on TDOA for Specific Localization Scenarios
1
School of Mechanotronics and Vehicle Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China
2
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Building 13, south district, 808 Shuanggang east street, Changbei economic development zone, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi province, China.
‡
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Sensors 2019, 19(19), 4326; https://doi.org/10.3390/s19194326
Received: 16 August 2019
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Revised: 30 September 2019
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Accepted: 4 October 2019
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Published: 7 October 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Acoustic Wave Sensors for Gaseous and Liquid Environments)
Various microphone array geometries (e.g., linear, circular, square, cubic, spherical, etc.) have been used to improve the positioning accuracy of sound source localization. However, whether these array structures are optimal for various specific localization scenarios is still a subject of debate. This paper addresses a microphone array optimization method for sound source localization based on TDOA (time difference of arrival). The geometric structure of the microphone array is established in parametric form. A triangulation method with TDOA was used to build the spatial sound source location model, which consists of a group of nonlinear multivariate equations. Through reasonable transformation, the nonlinear multivariate equations can be converted to a group of linear equations that can be approximately solved by the weighted least square method. Then, an optimization model based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm was constructed to optimize the geometric parameters of the microphone array under different localization scenarios combined with the spatial sound source localization model. In the optimization model, a reasonable fitness evaluation function is established which can comprehensively consider the positioning accuracy and robustness of the microphone array. In order to verify the array optimization method, two specific localization scenarios and two array optimization strategies for each localization scenario were constructed. The optimal array structure parameters were obtained through numerical iteration simulation. The localization performance of the optimal array structures obtained by the method proposed in this paper was compared with the optimal structures proposed in the literature as well as with random array structures. The simulation results show that the optimized array structure gave better positioning accuracy and robustness under both specific localization scenarios. The optimization model proposed could solve the problem of array geometric structure design based on TDOA and could achieve the customization of microphone array structures under different specific localization scenarios.
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Keywords:
source localization; TDOA; array optimization; PSO
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MDPI and ACS Style
Liu, H.; Kirubarajan, T.; Xiao, Q. Arbitrary Microphone Array Optimization Method Based on TDOA for Specific Localization Scenarios. Sensors 2019, 19, 4326. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19194326
AMA Style
Liu H, Kirubarajan T, Xiao Q. Arbitrary Microphone Array Optimization Method Based on TDOA for Specific Localization Scenarios. Sensors. 2019; 19(19):4326. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19194326
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Haitao, Thia Kirubarajan, and Qian Xiao. 2019. "Arbitrary Microphone Array Optimization Method Based on TDOA for Specific Localization Scenarios" Sensors 19, no. 19: 4326. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19194326
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