Pseudopterosin Inhibits Proliferation and 3D Invasion in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by Agonizing Glucocorticoid Receptor Alpha
Bio-Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Applied Natural Sciences, Technische Hochschule Koeln, Chempark, 51373 Leverkusen, Germany
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Molecules 2018, 23(8), 1992; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23081992
Received: 12 July 2018
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Revised: 7 August 2018
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Accepted: 8 August 2018
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Published: 10 August 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Molecules and Their Mechanisms of Action)
Pseudopterosin, produced by the sea whip of the genus Antillogorgia, possesses a variety of promising biological activities, including potent anti-inflammatory effects. However, few studies examined pseudopterosin in the treatment of cancer cells and, to our knowledge, the ability to inhibit triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) proliferation or invasion has not been explored. Thus, we evaluated the as-yet unknown mechanism of action of pseudopterosin: Pseudopterosin was able to inhibit proliferation of TNBC. Interestingly, analyzing breast cancer cell proliferation after knocking down glucocorticoid receptor α (GRα) revealed that the antiproliferative effects of pseudopterosin were significantly inhibited when GRα expression was reduced. Furthermore, pseudopterosin inhibited the invasion of MDA-MB-231 3D tumor spheroids embedded in an extracellular-like matrix. Remarkably, the knockdown of GRα in 3D tumor spheroids revealed increased ability of cells to invade the surrounding matrix. In a coculture, encompassing peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and MDA-MB-231 cells, and the production of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 8 (IL-8) significantly increased compared to a monoculture. Notably, pseudopterosin indicated to block cytokine elevation, representing key players in tumor progression in the coculture. Thus, our results reveal pseudopterosin treatment as a potential novel approach in TNBC therapy.
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Keywords:
pseudopterosin; triple-negative breast cancer; glucocorticoid receptor alpha; dexamethasone; cell proliferation; 3D invasion; tumor spheroid; coculture; interleukin 6; interleukin 8
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MDPI and ACS Style
Sperlich, J.; Teusch, N. Pseudopterosin Inhibits Proliferation and 3D Invasion in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by Agonizing Glucocorticoid Receptor Alpha. Molecules 2018, 23, 1992. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23081992
AMA Style
Sperlich J, Teusch N. Pseudopterosin Inhibits Proliferation and 3D Invasion in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by Agonizing Glucocorticoid Receptor Alpha. Molecules. 2018; 23(8):1992. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23081992
Chicago/Turabian StyleSperlich, Julia, and Nicole Teusch. 2018. "Pseudopterosin Inhibits Proliferation and 3D Invasion in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by Agonizing Glucocorticoid Receptor Alpha" Molecules 23, no. 8: 1992. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23081992
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