http://www.mdpi.com/journal/ijms/special_issues/green-chemistry-ijms/ Dear Colleagues, An issue devoted to Green and Sustainable Chemistry constitutes a timely exercise, mainly when one witnesses the growing importance of novel alternative solvents, which may not merely act as such but also as new clean extraction media, catalysts, electrolytes, additives, composite nanomaterials, and even as new pharmaceuticals and/or microorganisms metabolite inducers and/or enzyme stabilizers. Prof. Dr. Luis Paulo N. Rebelo Guest Editor Related Special Issues in other Journals Sustainable Approaches within the Chemical Sciences in Sustainability {snippet name="submission_info"} http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/11/6/2576/ A simple green approach for the production of benzylideneaniline oxides is offered. This contribution was performed via the condensation of phenylhydroxylamine with several aryl aldehydes, in the absence of both catalyst and solvent, and using microwave irradiation as the activating reaction mode. In addition, good yields of the products were achieved in a short time. It is also worth noting that the work-up procedure is simple and the products do not require further purification. Finally, an interesting comparison without the use of microwave irradiation is also discussed. http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/11/6/2576/ Tue, 22 Jun 2010 00:00:00 CEST International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2010-06-22 11 6 Article 2576 2583 1422-0067 Eco-Contribution for the Production of N-Arylnitrones: Solvent-Free and Assisted by Microwaves 2010-06-22 doi: 10.3390/ijms11062576 Reyes Corona Arroyo Delgado Miranda http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/11/5/1999/ Global reduction of chemical deposition into the environment is necessary. In protected horticulture, different strategies with biodegradable products are used to control pathogens. This review presents the available tools, especially for the management of protected horticultural species, including vegetables and ornamental plants. An analysis of the potential for degradable products that control pathogens and also encourage other productive factors, such as oxygen in the root system, is presented. Biosecurity in fertigation management of protected horticulture is conducted by using peroxyacetic acid mixtures that serve three basic principles: first, the manufacture of these products does not involve polluting processes; second, they have the same function as other chemicals, and third, after use and management there is no toxic residue left in the environment. The sustainability of protected horticulture depends on the development and introduction of technologies for implementation in the field. http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/11/5/1999/ Mon, 03 May 2010 00:00:00 CEST International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2010-05-03 11 5 Review 1999 2009 1422-0067 Green Chemistry in Protected Horticulture: The Use of Peroxyacetic Acid as a Sustainable Strategy 2010-05-03 doi: 10.3390/ijms11051999 Carrasco Urrestarazu http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/11/5/1973/ The Hildebrand’s solubility parameters have been calculated for 18 ionic liquids from the inverse gas chromatography measurements of the activity coefficients at infinite dilution. Retention data were used for the calculation. The solubility parameters are helpful for the prediction of the solubility in the binary solvent mixtures. From the solubility parameters, the standard enthalpies of vaporization of ionic liquids were estimated. http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/11/5/1973/ Tue, 27 Apr 2010 00:00:00 CEST International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2010-04-27 11 5 Article 1973 1990 1422-0067 The Solubility Parameters of Ionic Liquids 2010-04-27 doi: 10.3390/ijms11051973 Marciniak http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/11/4/1825/ A review of the relevant literature on 1-alkyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium-based ionic liquids has been presented. The phase diagrams for the binary systems of {1-ethyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium trifluoromethanesulfonate (triflate) [EMPYR][CF3SO3] + water, or + 1-butanol} and for the binary systems of {1-propyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium trifluoromethanesulfonate (triflate) [PMPYR][CF3SO3] + water, or + an alcohol (1-butanol, 1-hexanol, 1-octanol, 1-decanol)} have been determined at atmospheric pressure using a dynamic method. The influence of alcohol chain length was discussed for the [PMPYR][CF3SO3]. A systematic decrease in the solubility was observed with an increase of the alkyl chain length of an alcohol. (Solid + liquid) phase equilibria with complete miscibility in the liquid phase region were observed for the systems involving water and alcohols. The solubility of the ionic liquid increases as the alkyl chain length on the pyrrolidinium cation increases. The correlation of the experimental data has been carried out using the Wilson, UNIQUAC and the NRTL equations. The phase diagrams reported here have been compared to the systems published earlier with the 1-alkyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium-based ionic liquids. The influence of the cation and anion on the phase behaviour has been discussed. The basic thermal properties of pure ILs, i.e., melting temperature and the enthalpy of fusion, the solid-solid phase transition temperature and enthalpy have been measured using a differential scanning microcalorimetry technique. http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/11/4/1825/ Wed, 21 Apr 2010 00:00:00 CEST International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2010-04-21 11 4 Article 1825 1841 1422-0067 Physico-Chemical Properties and Phase Behaviour of Pyrrolidinium-Based Ionic Liquids 2010-04-21 doi: 10.3390/ijms11041825 Domańska http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/11/4/1792/ Herein, we report the synthesis of monomethacryloyl sucrose esters, and their successful free radical homo- and co-polymerisation with styrene, methylmethacrylate, α- and β-pinene. The chemical, physical, structural and surface chemical properties of these polymers, containing a hydrophobic olefin backbone and hydrophilic sugar moieties as side chains, have been investigated. Biodegradation tests of the copolymer samples by a microbial fungal culture (Aspergillus niger) method showed good biodegradability. The chemical structure and surface chemistry of the synthesized homo- and co-polymers demonstrate their potential technological relevance as amphiphilic and biodegradable polymers. http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/11/4/1792/ Fri, 16 Apr 2010 00:00:00 CEST International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2010-04-16 11 4 Article 1792 1807 1422-0067 Synthesis of Hydrophilic and Amphiphilic Acryl Sucrose Monomers and Their Copolymerisation with Styrene, Methylmethacrylate and α- and β-Pinenes 2010-04-16 doi: 10.3390/ijms11041792 Barros Petrova Singh http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/11/4/1777/ Aqueous biphasic systems (ABS) provide an alternative and efficient approach for the extraction, recovery and purification of biomolecules through their partitioning between two liquid aqueous phases. In this work, the ability of hydrophilic phosphonium-based ionic liquids (ILs) to form ABS with aqueous K3PO4 solutions was evaluated for the first time. Ternary phase diagrams, and respective tie-lines and tie-lines length, formed by distinct phosphonium-based ILs, water, and K3PO4 at 298 K, were measured and are reported. The studied phosphonium-based ILs have shown to be more effective in promoting ABS compared to the imidazolium-based counterparts with similar anions. Moreover, the extractive capability of such systems was assessed for distinct biomolecules (including amino acids, food colourants and alkaloids). Densities and viscosities of both aqueous phases, at the mass fraction compositions used for the biomolecules extraction, were also determined. The evaluated IL-based ABS have been shown to be prospective extraction media, particularly for hydrophobic biomolecules, with several advantages over conventional polymer-inorganic salt ABS. http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/11/4/1777/ Thu, 15 Apr 2010 00:00:00 CEST International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2010-04-15 11 4 Article 1777 1791 1422-0067 Extraction of Biomolecules Using Phosphonium-Based Ionic Liquids + K3PO4 Aqueous Biphasic Systems 2010-04-15 doi: 10.3390/ijms11041777 Louros Cláudio Neves Freire Marrucho Pauly Coutinho