http://www.mdpi.com/journal/admsci Latest open access articles published in Adm. Sci. at http://www.mdpi.com/journal/admsci http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/3/2/6 The following paragraphs are reproduced from the website of the publisher [1]. Taking a unique approach to business ethics unlike the typical focus on conceptual/legal frameworks, this book features 25 case studies that cover a full range of business practices, controls, and ethics issues. The new edition is fully updated with new case studies from the recent financial crisis, comparing it with Enron's crossing of various ethical lines. Interpretive essays explore financial control systems and lessons learned from specific case studies and circumstances. Readers will find a practical toolkit they can use to identify ethics issues and tackle problems effectively within corporations. Administrative Sciences 2013-05-22 3 2 New Book Received 10.3390/admsci3020006 6 8 2076-3387 2013-05-22 doi: 10.3390/admsci3020006 Shu-Kun Lin http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/3/1/4 The 11th Edition of Human Resource Management helps students understand and remember concepts through a straightforward and conversational writing style and a wealth of examples to clarify ideas and build interest. The authors provide a strong foundation of essential elements of Human Resource Management (HRM) as well as a clear understanding of how Human Resource Management links with business strategy. Through practical applications, the authors illustrate the importance of employees on every level of the organization, helping students understand HRM elements such as recruitment, training, motivation, retention, safety, the legal environment, and how they support successful business strategies. Administrative Sciences 2013-02-19 3 1 New Book Received 10.3390/admsci3010004 4 5 2076-3387 2013-02-19 doi: 10.3390/admsci3010004 Shu-Kun Lin http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/3/1/1 As a usability specialist or interaction designer working with the government, or as a government or contractor professional involved in specifying, procuring, or managing system development, you need this book. Editors Elizabeth Buie and Dianne Murray have brought together over 30 experts to outline practical advice to both usability specialists and government technology professionals and managers. Administrative Sciences 2013-01-25 3 1 New Book Received 10.3390/admsci3010001 1 3 2076-3387 2013-01-25 doi: 10.3390/admsci3010001 Shu-Kun Lin http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/2/4/250 The aim of this paper is to examine government–university–community partnerships for knowledge mobilization (KM) and knowledge transfer (KT) in the area of immigration and settlement research using the illustrative case of the Canadian Metropolis Project. The Metropolis Project in Canada began in 1995 with the goal of enhancing policy-oriented research capacity for immigration and settlement and developing ways to better use this research in government decision-making. Core funding for this partnership was provided jointly by Citizenship Immigration Canada (CIC), a department of the Government of Canada and the primary social science granting agency, the Social Science and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC). As of 2012, and subsequent to three successful funding phases, the decision was made to end government and SSHRC core funding for this initiative, however, other non-governmental funding avenues are being explored. The longevity of this partnership and the conclusion of this specific initiative present an opportunity to reflect critically on the nature of such partnerships. This paper is an attempt to identify some of the key themes, issues and challenges related to research partnerships, KM and KT. Also, with the aid of an illustrative case, it aims to specify some of the possibilities and limitations of this kind of policy relevant knowledge mobilization. Special consideration will be placed on the context in which the demand for knowledge mobilization and knowledge transfer has emerged. This examination has considerable international relevance as the Canadian Metropolis Project offers the leading example of a research partnership in the field of immigration and settlement. Administrative Sciences 2012-11-26 2 4 Article 10.3390/admsci2040250 250 272 2076-3387 2012-11-26 doi: 10.3390/admsci2040250 John Shields Bryan Evans http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/2/4/235 Healthcare costs continue to increase dramatically, while quality remains a significant problem. Reform measures initiated by the government will drive expansion of these costs, further stressing taxpayers and employers, and forcing hospitals to adopt fundamental changes as they try to adjust to increased demands for services and to lessening reimbursements from all payers. This struggle is best seen at the point of entry for many at a hospital: the emergency department (ED). It is at the emergency department that patients’ expectations regarding staff communication with patients, wait times, the triage process, capacity and payment will determine a significant part of a hospital’s revenue. Using Dr. Eliyahu M. Goldratt’s Thinking Process, we will determine what core problem(s) are causing a 362-bed regional West Texas hospital emergency department to lose revenue. Evaluation of the current emergency department will determine the Undesirable Effects (UDE). Using that information will lead to the construction of the Current Reality Tree (CRT), which will bring focus to the core problem(s). To break the constraints, which are the core problem(s), an Evaporative Cloud (EC) is generated. And, the end result will be to construct a Future Reality Tree (FRT), which will validate the idea(s) generated in the EC. It was determined that there are ten major UDE’s that affected this hospital’s emergency department. They were focused around staff communication, wait times, triage process, information management, service provided and bill collections. A conclusion was made that the core problem dealt with triaging patients and utilization of the services provided by the hospital. Since the reimbursement rate is affected by the patient’s satisfaction, the areas to focus on would be: triage, education, communication and retention. Although it may be neither feasible nor desirable to meet all the patient’s expectations, increased focus on those areas may increase the emergency department’s efficiency and the hospital’s bottom line. Administrative Sciences 2012-10-25 2 4 Article 10.3390/admsci2040235 235 249 2076-3387 2012-10-25 doi: 10.3390/admsci2040235 Lloyd J. Taylor Soumya Nayak http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/2/4/221 With a worldwide sample of students (N = 77, 387), this paper reviews and analyses the psychometric properties of the Student Leadership Practices Inventory [1]. Modest to strong internal reliability coefficients are found across a number of different dimensions. Predictive validity of the instrument is supported, with the instrument being able to differentiate between effective and ineffective leaders using both self-reported and observer (constituent) data. Few significant differences are found on the basis of respondent gender, ethnicity, nationality, or institutional level (high school versus college). Implications for developing student leaders and future research are offered. Administrative Sciences 2012-10-12 2 4 Article 10.3390/admsci2040221 221 234 2076-3387 2012-10-12 doi: 10.3390/admsci2040221 Barry Z. Posner http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/2/3/203 Much of the behavior at work takes place within teams. Leaders of teams experience different feelings that, in turn, can have an impact on how team members feel and perform. This study examined the effects of leaders’ mood on individual team members’ mood, group affective tone, and team outcomes (actual team performance, potency, and goal commitment) in a laboratory study, with a sample of 63 students working in three-person teams. Furthermore, the study investigated the mediating role of group affective tone in the leaders’ mood–team outcomes relationship. Results demonstrated that leaders influence team members’ individual mood, group affective tone, actual team performance, and potency. Moreover, group affective tone mediated the relationship between team leaders’ mood and potency. Taken together, the findings suggest that in order to enhance subordinates’ work experience and to attain desired outcomes, leaders should be aware of their mood and its potential effects. Administrative Sciences 2012-08-29 2 3 Article 10.3390/admsci2030203 203 220 2076-3387 2012-08-29 doi: 10.3390/admsci2030203 Judith Volmer http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/2/2/186 Global public health agreements are heralded as a success for the affirmation of the right to health within a complex and contested political landscape. However, the practical implementation of such agreements at the national level is often overlooked. This article outlines two radically different global health agreements: The Doha Declaration on the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) agreement and Public Health; and the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC). We identify significant challenges in their implementation, particularly for low and middle income countries. Shifts in the policy network constellations around these two agreements have allowed for some positive influence by civil society. Yet industry influence at the national level constrains effective implementation and those affected by these policies have largely been left on the periphery. The broader provisions of these two agreements have been watered down by vested interests and donor conditions. We advocate for both activist and academic actors to play a significant role in highlighting the consequences of these power asymmetries. Deliberative democracy may be the key to addressing these challenges in a way that empowers those presently excluded from effective participation in the policy process. Administrative Sciences 2012-05-29 2 2 Article 10.3390/admsci2020186 186 202 2076-3387 2012-05-29 doi: 10.3390/admsci2020186 Belinda Townsend Erik Martin Hans Löfgren Evelyne de Leeuw http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/2/2/162 Canada has been regarded as a model global citizen with firm commitments to multilateralism. It has also played important roles in several international health treaties and conventions in recent years. There are now concerns that its interests in health as a foreign policy goal may be diminishing. This article reports on a thematic analysis of key Canadian foreign policy statements issued over the past decade, and interviews with key informants knowledgeable of, or experienced in the interstices of Canadian health and foreign policy. It finds that health is primarily and increasingly framed in relation to national security and economic interests. Little attention has been given to human rights obligations relevant to health as a foreign policy issue, and global health is not seen as a priority of the present government. Global health is nonetheless regarded as something with which Canadian foreign policy must engage, if only because of Canada’s membership in many United Nations and other multilateral fora. Development of a single global health strategy or framework is seen as important to improve intersectoral cooperation on health issues, and foreign policy coherence. There remains a cautious optimism that health could become the base from which Canada reasserts its internationalist status. Administrative Sciences 2012-04-11 2 2 Article 10.3390/admsci2020162 162 185 2076-3387 2012-04-11 doi: 10.3390/admsci2020162 Ronald Labonté Vivien Runnels Michelle Gagnon http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/2/2/148 In the past few years, e-government has been a topic of much interest among those excited about the advent of Web 2.0 technologies. This paper reviews the recent literature concerning Web 2.0, social media, social networking, and how it has been used in the public sector. Key observations include literature themes such as the evolution of social media case studies in the literature, the progress of social media policies and strategies over time, and social media use in disaster management as an important role for government. Other observations include the lack of a tangible goal for e-government, and the idea that significant change is still needed in government culture, philosophy of control, and resource management before broad sustainable success can be achieved in the use of social media. Administrative Sciences 2012-04-10 2 2 Article 10.3390/admsci2020148 148 161 2076-3387 2012-04-10 doi: 10.3390/admsci2020148 Michael J. Magro http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/2/2/135 Rapid population growth, urbanization, and the growing challenges faced by the urban poor require redefining the paradigm for public health interventions in the 21st century, creating new approaches that take urban determinants of health into consideration. The widening disparity between the urban poor and the urban rich further exacerbates health inequities. Existing tools for global governance of urban health risks fall short, particularly in the lack of formal mechanisms to strengthen collaboration and communication among national and municipal agencies and between their local and international non-governmental partners. There is also a clear disconnect between governance strategies crafted at the international level and implementation on the ground. The challenge is to find common ground for global goods and municipal needs, and to craft innovative and dynamic policy solutions that can benefit some of the poorest citizens of the global urban network. Administrative Sciences 2012-04-05 2 2 Commentary 10.3390/admsci2020135 135 147 2076-3387 2012-04-05 doi: 10.3390/admsci2020135 Rebecca Katz Sangeeta Mookherji Morgan Kaminski Vibhuti Haté Julie E. Fischer http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/2/1/120 Designing and adopting a global response to address the rise of chronic diseases in both the industrial and developing world requires policymakers to engage in global health diplomacy. In the context of the recent United Nations’ High-Level Summit on Non-Communicable Diseases, the paper first reviews the rationale for collective action at the global level to address the rise of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), given the perceived limited cross-border dimensions of NCDs. Secondly, based on the social sciences literature studying policymaking at the domestic and international level, this article highlights recommendations on how to engage during the main phases of the policy process: agenda-setting, policy development and adoption. Administrative Sciences 2012-03-20 2 1 Article 10.3390/admsci2010120 120 134 2076-3387 2012-03-20 doi: 10.3390/admsci2010120 Chantal Blouin http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/2/1/99 This paper explores leadership as an emergent social process. We begin by discussing and contesting the tradition privileging linear management processes, and offer as a counterpoint accounts of distributed leadership out of which our focus on leadership as a plural process grows. Our concept of leadership as a plural process is enriched by an inquiry into musical ensembles with formal leaders as well as those which are leaderless that find ways of moving collectively towards shared goals. The specific issues that we explore are: personal preparation, expressing readiness to begin, establishing a way of operating, and dealing with unexpected problems as they arise. We conclude by speculating about how these elements could inform our understanding of how leadership arises from teams beyond the musical world. Administrative Sciences 2012-03-20 2 1 Essay 10.3390/admsci2010099 99 119 2076-3387 2012-03-20 doi: 10.3390/admsci2010099 Ralph Bathurst Donna Ladkin http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/2/1/82 Partly as a result of the rapid growth in Chinese higher education, graduate placement has become a critical issue facing colleges and universties. In response, one of the policy initiatives adopted by the Chinese government is for higher education institutions to put an emphasis on entrepreneurship education. In 2002, the Ministry of Education launched a pilot program on carrying out entrepreneurship education in nine prestigious higher education institutions in China. Since then, many colleges and universities have adopted this innovation in education. This study attempts to examine entrepreneurship education as an innovative solution to the challenges facing higher education in China. It first introduces the background for promoting entrepreneurship education in China, analyzes the entrepreneurship education programs and activities in three selected universities, assesses the state of entrepreneurship education both from a student perspective and also through a comparison with developments in the United States, and concludes with recommendations for further developments in entrepreneurship education in China’s colleges and universities. Administrative Sciences 2012-03-01 2 1 Article 10.3390/admsci2010082 82 98 2076-3387 2012-03-01 doi: 10.3390/admsci2010082 Mansheng Zhou Haixia Xu http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/2/1/63 The Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award (MBNQA) is well known to assess quality and business processes in a variety of sectors, including government. In this study, we investigate the relationship between aspects of the MBNQA’s leadership triad and knowledge management in an e-government context. Specifically, we survey 1,100 employees of a medium-sized city government in the United States to investigate the relationship between leadership triad components, leadership strategic planning, and customer/market focus, with knowledge management. Our results show that these components are significantly related to knowledge management and are important in the delivery of e-government applications to the citizenry. Administrative Sciences 2012-02-03 2 1 Article 10.3390/admsci2010063 63 81 2076-3387 2012-02-03 doi: 10.3390/admsci2010063 Sherry D. Ryan Xiaoni Zhang Victor R. Prybutok Jason H. Sharp http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/2/1/47 Humanitarian immigrants and refugees face multiple adjustment tasks and post-settlement support services concentrated in metropolitan areas play an important role. As part of an ongoing commitment, the Australian Government has increasingly supported resettlement in rural and regional areas of the country. Drawing on the experience of Iraqi migrants in Victoria, Australia, we examine some of the conditions that characterize regional resettlement and raise key questions for public health policy. Structural vulnerabilities and discriminations impact upon physical, mental and social wellbeing, leading to further exclusion, with negative long-term implications. The discussion throws light on the issues that migrants and refugees may encounter in other parts within Australia, but are also germane in many countries and highlight the resulting complexity for policy-making. Administrative Sciences 2012-01-16 2 1 Article 10.3390/admsci2010047 47 62 2076-3387 2012-01-16 doi: 10.3390/admsci2010047 Katie Vasey Lenore Manderson http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/2/1/26 The match between employees and their vocations, jobs and organizations has been the focus of the majority of past person-environment fit research. The compatibility between individuals and their work team environments is a more recently recognized, but much less studied, type of fit. Person-team fit is conceptualized here along two fundamental dimensions of team environments: interdependence and social interaction. Results from a study involving 209 cross-functional team members indicate that person-team fit has an impact on satisfaction, commitment, trust and performance. Administrative Sciences 2012-01-16 2 1 Article 10.3390/admsci2010026 26 46 2076-3387 2012-01-16 doi: 10.3390/admsci2010026 David J. Glew http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/2/1/1 How are Asian countries preparing children to have skills—including creativity, innovation, and technical capability—to compete in the 21st Century global economy? Countries including China, Korea, Japan and Singapore have begun to integrate education policy and practice into a key component of national innovation strategies: human capital development. Asian countries are developing an emphasis on innovation and creativity at all levels of education, while the United States continues (via No Child Left Behind testing and budget cut-backs) to move away from that model. Developments in China (including Hong Kong and Taiwan), Korea and Singapore are complemented with comparisons to trends in national policy and private sector practice in Japan and the United States. Preliminary findings indicate that while progress has been made towards establishing education practices that enrich student learning, helping children to reach their highest potential in some countries, cultural practices and budgetary constraints have limited reform in others. The paper concludes with a summary of comparative best practices in enrichment education policy and practice and implications for globally competitive national innovation systems. Administrative Sciences 2012-01-12 2 1 Article 10.3390/admsci2010001 1 25 2076-3387 2012-01-12 doi: 10.3390/admsci2010001 Kathryn C. Ibata-Arens http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/1/1/45 The authors propose an analysis of the public administration reform in Romania by assessing whether the Romanian civil servants perform their duties according to the regulations of the European Administrative Space. The paper offers a socio-statistic perspective on the internalization of the European Administrative Space principles, namely, the rule of law, openness towards citizens, and public administration responsibility in a Romanian context, after the European Union accession. Designed within the framework of modern theories of organizational sociology that see internalization as a process of organizational learning and change, and using a relevant sample of Romanian civil servants, the paper offers important and useful results for the future Romanian policies and strategies in an integrated European arena. Administrative Sciences 2011-12-01 1 1 Article 10.3390/admsci1010045 45 55 2076-3387 2011-12-01 doi: 10.3390/admsci1010045 Ani Matei Lucica Matei Diana-Camelia Iancu http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/1/1/32 Public health policies continue to play important roles in national and international health reforms. However, the influence and legacies of the public health eras during which such policies are formulated remain largely underappreciated. The limited appreciation of this relationship may hinder consistent adoption of public health policies by nation-states, and encumber disinvestment from ineffective or anachronistic policies. This article reviews seven public health eras and highlights how each era has influenced international policy formulation for leprosy control—“the fertile soil for policy learning”. The author reiterates the role of health leadership and health activism in facilitating consistency in international health policy formulation and implementation for leprosy control. Administrative Sciences 2011-09-26 1 1 Commentary 10.3390/admsci1010032 32 44 2076-3387 2011-09-26 doi: 10.3390/admsci1010032 Niyi Awofeso http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/1/1/14 The importance of teamwork on patient safety in healthcare has been well established. However, the theory and research of healthcare teams are seriously lacking in clinical application. While conventional team theory assumes that teams are stable and leadership is constant, a growing body of evidence indicates that most healthcare teams are unstable and lack constant leadership. For healthcare organizations to reduce error and ensure patient safety, the true nature of healthcare teams must be better understood. This study presents a taxonomy of healthcare teams and the determinants of high reliability in healthcare teams based on a series of studies undertaken over a five-year period (2005–2010). Administrative Sciences 2011-07-19 1 1 Article 10.3390/admsci1010014 14 31 2076-3387 2011-07-19 doi: 10.3390/admsci1010014 William Riley Elizabeth Lownik Carmen Parrotta Kristi Miller RN Stan Davis http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/1/1/3 The study examines the extent to which task and relations oriented leadership moderate the impact of task and relationship conflict on teamwork quality. In a sample of 37 teams, the study shows that relationship oriented leadership is beneficial for dealing with relationship conflict, but it does not have the expected positive interaction effect with task conflict. The main practical implication of the results is that in order to mitigate the negative effects of intra-group conflict on teamwork quality the leadership style should fit the type of disagreement (task versus relational) predominantly experienced by the teams. Administrative Sciences 2011-03-29 1 1 Article 10.3390/admsci1010003 3 13 2076-3387 2011-03-29 doi: 10.3390/admsci1010003 Petru L. Curşeu http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/1/1/1 In the past thirty years, academic work in the field of business has evolved from an applied field to a theoretically grounded, rigorous, scientific field of inquiry garnering the attention of high-quality academics from the fields of psychology, sociology, economics, and political science and many others. In this time the social science of administration has developed into a multi-faceted field with theoretical and empirical lenses too numerous to mention. With this development has come the need for innovations in scholarly publication in this area, one of these being the introduction of our new journal, Administrative Sciences. [...] Administrative Sciences 2010-10-12 1 1 Editorial 10.3390/admsci1010001 1 2 2076-3387 2010-10-12 doi: 10.3390/admsci1010001 Robert G. DelCampo