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Nanomaterials
Special Issues
Graphene and Nanotube Based Devices
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Graphene and Nanotube Based Devices

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2017) | Viewed by 41752

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Filippo Giubileo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Superconducting and Other Innovative Materials and Devices Institute—National Research Council (SPIN-CNR), Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
Interests: graphene; 2D materials; electronic properties; field effect transistors; photodetectors; contact resistance; field emission from nanostructures
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Antonio Di Bartolomeo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Physics “E.R. Caianiello”, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
Interests: optical and electrical properties of nanostructured materials such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, and 2D materials; van der Waals heterostructures and Schottky junctions; field-effect transistors; non-volatile memories; solar cells; photodetectors; field emission devices
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Carbon nanostructures, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene, are innovative materials with amazing mechanical, electrical, optical, and thermal properties. Over the past two decades, they have been extensively studied and used in a variety of fundamental research and engineering applications. Carbon nanotubes and graphene, as well as their hybrid structures with nanoparticles, other 2D materials, polymers, etc., have been exploited in devices such as field effect transistors, photodiodes, solar cells, field emitters, supercapacitors, gas sensor, bio- and chemical sensors, and many others.

The aim of this Special Issue is to summarize recent progress in the fabrication, characterization and modeling of carbon nanotube and graphene based electronic devices, sensors and actuators. Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

  • Graphene and carbon nanotube field effect transistors

  • Graphene/semiconductor heterostructures

  • Van der Waals layered 2D heterostructures

  • Metal contacts on graphene and nanotubes

  • Composite materials

  • Field emission devices

  • Opto-electronic devices (photodiodes, phototransistors, LEDs)

  • Flexible electronics

  • Chemical and biological sensors

  • Actuators

  • Energy applications (batteries, capacitors, catalysis, solar cells)

Dr. Filippo Giubileo
Prof. Antonio Di Bartolomeo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Graphene

  • Carbon Nanotubes

  • Carbon heterostructures

  • Field effect transistors

  • Contact resistance

  • Photodiodes

  • Sensors

  • Actuators

  • Composite materials

  • 1D and 2D materials

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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3652 KiB  
Article
An In Vitro Study of the Photodynamic Effectiveness of GO-Ag Nanocomposites against Human Breast Cancer Cells
by Fozia Shaheen, Muhammad Hammad Aziz, Muhammad Fakhar-e-Alam, Muhammad Atif, Mahvish Fatima, Riaz Ahmad, Atif Hanif, Saqib Anwar, Fatima Zafar, Ghazanfar Abbas, Syed Mansoor Ali and Mukhtar Ahmed
Nanomaterials 2017, 7(11), 401; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano7110401 - 21 Nov 2017
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 7496
Abstract
Graphene-based materials have garnered significant attention because of their versatile bioapplications and extraordinary properties. Graphene oxide (GO) is an extremely oxidized form of graphene accompanied by the functional groups of oxygen on its surface. GO is an outstanding platform on which to pacify [...] Read more.
Graphene-based materials have garnered significant attention because of their versatile bioapplications and extraordinary properties. Graphene oxide (GO) is an extremely oxidized form of graphene accompanied by the functional groups of oxygen on its surface. GO is an outstanding platform on which to pacify silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), which gives rise to the graphene oxide-silver nanoparticle (GO-Ag) nanocomposite. In this experimental study, the toxicity of graphene oxide-silver (GO-Ag) nanocomposites was assessed in an in vitro human breast cancer model to optimize the parameters of photodynamic therapy. GO-Ag was prepared using the hydrothermal method, and characterization was done by X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-rays Analysis (EDAX), atomic force microscopy and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. The experiments were done both with laser exposure, as well as in darkness, to examine the phototoxicity and cytotoxicity of the nanocomposites. The cytotoxicity of the GO-Ag was confirmed via a methyl-thiazole-tetrazolium (MTT) assay and intracellular reactive oxygen species production analysis. The phototoxic effect explored the dose-dependent decrease in the cell viability, as well as provoked cell death via apoptosis. An enormously significant escalation of 1O2 in the samples when exposed to daylight was perceived. Statistical analysis was performed on the experimental results to confirm the worth and clarity of the results, with p-values < 0.05 selected as significant. These outcomes suggest that GO-Ag nanocomposites could serve as potential candidates for targeted breast cancer therapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Graphene and Nanotube Based Devices)
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6711 KiB  
Article
Room-Temperature Pressure-Induced Optically-Actuated Fabry-Perot Nanomechanical Resonator with Multilayer Graphene Diaphragm in Air
by Cheng Li, Tian Lan, Xiyu Yu, Nan Bo, Jingyu Dong and Shangchun Fan
Nanomaterials 2017, 7(11), 366; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano7110366 - 04 Nov 2017
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 4367
Abstract
We demonstrated a miniature and in situ ~13-layer graphene nanomechanical resonator by utilizing a simple optical fiber Fabry-Perot (F-P) interferometric excitation and detection scheme. The graphene film was transferred onto the endface of a ferrule with a 125-μm inner diameter. In contrast to [...] Read more.
We demonstrated a miniature and in situ ~13-layer graphene nanomechanical resonator by utilizing a simple optical fiber Fabry-Perot (F-P) interferometric excitation and detection scheme. The graphene film was transferred onto the endface of a ferrule with a 125-μm inner diameter. In contrast to the pre-tension induced in membrane that increased quality (Q) factor to ~18.5 from ~3.23 at room temperature and normal pressure, the limited effects of air damping on resonance behaviors at 10−2 and 105 Pa were demonstrated by characterizing graphene F-P resonators with open and micro-air-gap cavities. Then in terms of optomechanical behaviors of the resonator with an air micro-cavity configuration using a polished ferrule substrate, measured resonance frequencies were increased to the range of 509–542 kHz from several kHz with a maximum Q factor of 16.6 despite the lower Knudsen number ranging from 0.0002 to 0.0006 in damping air over a relative pressure range of 0–199 kPa. However, there was the little dependence of Q on resonance frequency. Note that compared with the inferior F-P cavity length response to applied pressures due to interfacial air leakage, the developed F-P resonator exhibited a consistent fitted pressure sensitivity of 1.18 × 105 kHz3/kPa with a good linearity error of 5.16% in the tested range. These measurements shed light on the pre-stress-dominated pressure-sensitive mechanisms behind air damping in in situ F-P resonant sensors using graphene or other 2D nanomaterials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Graphene and Nanotube Based Devices)
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2930 KiB  
Article
Optimization of the Fano Resonance Lineshape Based on Graphene Plasmonic Hexamer in Mid-Infrared Frequencies
by Junbo Ren, Guangqing Wang, Weibin Qiu, Zhili Lin, Houbo Chen, Pingping Qiu, Jia-Xian Wang, Qiang Kan and Jiao-Qing Pan
Nanomaterials 2017, 7(9), 238; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano7090238 - 26 Aug 2017
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 4367
Abstract
In this article, the lineshape of Fano-like resonance of graphene plasmonic oligomers is investigated as a function of the parameters of the nanostructures, such as disk size, chemical potential and electron momentum relaxation time in mid-infrared frequencies. Also, the mechanism of the optimization [...] Read more.
In this article, the lineshape of Fano-like resonance of graphene plasmonic oligomers is investigated as a function of the parameters of the nanostructures, such as disk size, chemical potential and electron momentum relaxation time in mid-infrared frequencies. Also, the mechanism of the optimization is discussed. Furthermore, the environmental index sensing effect of the proposed structure is revealed, and a figure of merit of 25.58 is achieved with the optimized graphene oligomer. The proposed nanostructure could find applications in the fields of chemical or biochemical sensing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Graphene and Nanotube Based Devices)
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22510 KiB  
Article
Wettability Investigations and Wet Transfer Enhancement of Large-Area CVD-Graphene on Aluminum Nitride
by Marius Knapp, René Hoffmann, Volker Cimalla and Oliver Ambacher
Nanomaterials 2017, 7(8), 226; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano7080226 - 18 Aug 2017
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 7893
Abstract
The two-dimensional and virtually massless character of graphene attracts great interest for radio frequency devices, such as surface and bulk acoustic wave resonators. Due to its good electric conductivity, graphene might be an alternative as a virtually massless electrode by improving resonator performance [...] Read more.
The two-dimensional and virtually massless character of graphene attracts great interest for radio frequency devices, such as surface and bulk acoustic wave resonators. Due to its good electric conductivity, graphene might be an alternative as a virtually massless electrode by improving resonator performance regarding mass-loading effects. We report on an optimization of the commonly used wet transfer technique for large-area graphene, grown via chemical vapor deposition, onto aluminum nitride (AlN), which is mainly used as an active, piezoelectric material for acoustic devices. Today, graphene wet transfer is well-engineered for silicon dioxide (SiO2). Investigations on AlN substrates reveal highly different surface properties compared to SiO2 regarding wettability, which strongly influences the quality of transferred graphene monolayers. Both physical and chemical effects of a plasma treatment of AlN surfaces change wettability and avoid large-scale cracks in the transferred graphene sheet during desiccation. Spatially-resolved Raman spectroscopy reveals a strong strain and doping dependence on AlN plasma pretreatments correlating with the electrical conductivity of graphene. In our work, we achieved transferred crack-free large-area (40 × 40 mm2) graphene monolayers with sheet resistances down to 350 Ω/sq. These achievements make graphene more powerful as an eco-friendly and cheaper replacement for conventional electrode materials used in radio frequency resonator devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Graphene and Nanotube Based Devices)
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2698 KiB  
Article
I-V and C-V Characterization of a High-Responsivity Graphene/Silicon Photodiode with Embedded MOS Capacitor
by Giuseppe Luongo, Filippo Giubileo, Luca Genovese, Laura Iemmo, Nadia Martucciello and Antonio Di Bartolomeo
Nanomaterials 2017, 7(7), 158; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano7070158 - 27 Jun 2017
Cited by 65 | Viewed by 11716
Abstract
We study the effect of temperature and light on the I-V and C-V characteristics of a graphene/silicon Schottky diode. The device exhibits a reverse-bias photocurrent exceeding the forward current and achieves a photoresponsivity as high as 2.5 A / W . We show [...] Read more.
We study the effect of temperature and light on the I-V and C-V characteristics of a graphene/silicon Schottky diode. The device exhibits a reverse-bias photocurrent exceeding the forward current and achieves a photoresponsivity as high as 2.5 A / W . We show that the enhanced photocurrent is due to photo-generated carriers injected in the graphene/Si junction from the parasitic graphene/SiO2/Si capacitor connected in parallel to the diode. The same mechanism can occur with thermally generated carriers, which contribute to the high leakage current often observed in graphene/Si junctions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Graphene and Nanotube Based Devices)
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3280 KiB  
Brief Report
An Al2O3 Gating Substrate for the Greater Performance of Field Effect Transistors Based on Two-Dimensional Materials
by Hang Yang, Shiqiao Qin, Xiaoming Zheng, Guang Wang, Yuan Tan, Gang Peng and Xueao Zhang
Nanomaterials 2017, 7(10), 286; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano7100286 - 22 Sep 2017
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 4607
Abstract
We fabricated 70 nm Al2O3 gated field effect transistors based on two-dimensional (2D) materials and characterized their optical and electrical properties. Studies show that the optical contrast of monolayer graphene on an Al2O3/Si substrate is superior [...] Read more.
We fabricated 70 nm Al2O3 gated field effect transistors based on two-dimensional (2D) materials and characterized their optical and electrical properties. Studies show that the optical contrast of monolayer graphene on an Al2O3/Si substrate is superior to that on a traditional 300 nm SiO2/Si substrate (2.4 times). Significantly, the transconductance of monolayer graphene transistors on the Al2O3/Si substrate shows an approximately 10-fold increase, due to a smaller dielectric thickness and a higher dielectric constant. Furthermore, this substrate is also suitable for other 2D materials, such as WS2, and can enhance the transconductance remarkably by 61.3 times. These results demonstrate a new and ideal substrate for the fabrication of 2D materials-based electronic logic devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Graphene and Nanotube Based Devices)
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