Special Issue "Radical Chemistry"

Guest Editor
Prof. Dr. Rebecca Braslau
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
Website: http://chemistry.ucsc.edu/faculty/braslau.html
E-Mail:
Interests: synthetic organic chemistry; organic free radicals; nitroxides; nitroxide-mediated free radical polymerization; development of tailored materials for applications in nanotechnology; nitroxide-based sensors

Dear Colleagues,

The use of free radical intermediates in applications ranging from synthetic methodology, controlled polymerization, biomedical probes and applications in nanotechnology has flourished, growing upon the well-grounded foundation of physical measurements pioneered during the previous century.  The famed “high reactivity” of most free radical intermediates has opened doors to reactions under very mild conditions, while the “lack of selectivity” often associated with free radical species can either be circumvented by astute choreography of reaction conditions, on in some cases is simply not true: some free radical reactions are exquisitely selective. For example, carbon free radical intermediates are often highly chemoselective, adding to activated olefins while remaining inert to protic alcohol, amine and carboxylic acid functionalities as well as polar groups such as carbonyls. This allows many radical reactions to be carried out without the necessity for protecting groups required under ionic reaction conditions. The chain nature of the majority of free radical processes provides an extremely efficient vehicle for transformations that evoke the elegance of catalytic processes.  The use of paramagnetic persistent radicals, such as nitroxides, provides sensitive tools for probing dynamic systems using EPR, the opportunity to design new materials, and an entry to novel sensors.  This is an exciting time in the field of free radical chemistry.  It is my hope that this Special Edition on Free Radicals will present a forum that will reflect the creativity and diversity of advances in free radical chemistry 110 years after Moses Gomberg first demonstrated the existence of a free radical species.

Dr. Rebecca Braslau
Guest Editor

Submission

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• chain reaction
• photochemistry
• rearrangement
• cyclization
• fragmentation
• radical cascade
• electron transfer
• antioxidant
• radical living polymerization
• persistent radical

Type of Paper: Article
Title: Mn(III)-Catalyzed Facile Oxygenation of Cyclic Amides
Authors: Md. Taifur Rahman, Md. Aminul Haque and Hiroshi Nishino
Affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University; E-Mail: nishino@sci.kumamoto-u.ac.jp (H.N.)
Abstract: The Mn(III)-catalyzed aerobic oxidation of cyclic amides, such as 4-alkyl-1,2-diphenylpyrazolidine-3,5-diones, 3-alkyl-1,5-dimethylbarbituric acids, 4-hydroxy-2-quinolinones, and 3-alkyl-4-hydroxy-1H-pyrrol-2(5H)-ones, gave the corresponding hydroperoxides in excellent yields, which were easily converted into the corresponding alcohols.

Type of Paper: Article
Title: Synthesis of Gentiobiosides of Genistein and Glycitein and Their Radical Scavenging and Anti-Allergic Activity
Authors: Kei Shimoda and Hiroki Hamada
Affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Japan; E-Mail: shimoda@med.oita-u.ac.jp (K.S.)
Abstract: The synthesis of gentiooligosaccharides of genistein and glycitein was investigated using Eucalyptus perriniana as biocatalysts. The cells of E. perriniana glycosylated genistein and glycitein to give the corresponding 4'-O-beta-glucosides, 7-O-beta-glucosides, and 7-O-beta-gentiobiosides, which were two new compounds. The 7-O-beta-glucosides of genistein and glycitein and 7-O-beta-gentiobioside of glycitein exerted inhibitory effects on IgE antibody production. On the other hand, beta-glucosides of genistein and glycitein showed 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging activity and supeoxide-radical scaventing activity.