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Molecular Diagnosis and Novel Therapies for Neuromuscular/Musculoskeletal Diseases
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Molecular Diagnosis and Novel Therapies for Neuromuscular/Musculoskeletal Diseases

A special issue of Journal of Personalized Medicine (ISSN 2075-4426).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2018) | Viewed by 43997

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Toshifumi Yokota

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 8812-112 St., Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
Interests: neuromuscular disease; Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy; antisense therapy; animal models; spinal muscular atrophy; limb-girdle muscular dystrophy; Miyoshi myopathy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Rika Maruyama

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue, “Molecular Diagnosis and Novel Therapies for Neuromuscular/Musculoskeletal Diseases”, will focus on the recent progress of molecular diagnosis and the development of novel therapies for neuromuscular and musculoskeletal diseases. We intend to invite researchers in the field to submit original research and review articles on the advancement of molecular diagnosis and novel therapies, including (but not limited to) molecular-based genetic tests, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), biomarkers, antisense oligonucleotide therapy, mutation-based therapy, gene therapy, molecular therapy, genome-editing technology, delivery enhancement, exosome-mediated delivery, stem cell transfer, and neuromuscular/musculoskeletal disease models to evaluate the efficacy of treatments. In addition, the mechanism involved in molecular diagnosis and novel therapies, such as genetic modifiers and stem cell functions, will be considered.

Prof. Toshifumi Yokota
Dr. Rika Maruyama
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Personalized Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Muscular dystrophy
  • Neuromuscular/musculoskeletal disease
  • Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy
  • CRISPR/Cas9
  • Antisense therapy
  • RNA therapeutics
  • Genome-editing
  • Biomarkers
  • Spinal muscular atrophy
  • New chemistry for antisense therapy and genome-targeting
  • New techniques of delivery for antisense therapy and genome-targeting

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Editorial

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3 pages, 171 KiB  
Editorial
Molecular Diagnosis and Novel Therapies for Neuromuscular Diseases
by Rika Maruyama and Toshifumi Yokota
J. Pers. Med. 2020, 10(3), 129; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm10030129 - 16 Sep 2020
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3256
Abstract
With the development of novel targeted therapies, including exon skipping/inclusion and gene replacement therapy, the field of neuromuscular diseases has drastically changed in the last several years. Until 2016, there had been no FDA-approved drugs to treat Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the most [...] Read more.
With the development of novel targeted therapies, including exon skipping/inclusion and gene replacement therapy, the field of neuromuscular diseases has drastically changed in the last several years. Until 2016, there had been no FDA-approved drugs to treat Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the most common muscular dystrophy. However, several new personalized therapies, including antisense oligonucleotides eteplirsen for DMD exon 51 skipping and golodirsen and viltolarsen for DMD exon 53 skipping, have been approved in the last 4 years. We are witnessing the start of a therapeutic revolution in neuromuscular diseases. However, the studies also made clear that these therapies are still far from a cure. Personalized genetic medicine for neuromuscular diseases faces several key challenges, including the difficulty of obtaining appropriate cell and animal models and limited its applicability. This Special Issue “Molecular Diagnosis and Novel Therapies for Neuromuscular/Musculoskeletal Diseases” highlights key areas of research progress that improve our understanding and the therapeutic outcomes of neuromuscular diseases in the personalized medicine era. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Diagnosis and Novel Therapies for Neuromuscular/Musculoskeletal Diseases)

Review

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21 pages, 1155 KiB  
Review
Mutation-Based Therapeutic Strategies for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: From Genetic Diagnosis to Therapy
by Akinori Nakamura
J. Pers. Med. 2019, 9(1), 16; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm9010016 - 04 Mar 2019
Cited by 26 | Viewed by 13767
Abstract
Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD) are X-linked muscle disorders caused by mutations of the DMD gene, which encodes the subsarcolemmal protein dystrophin. In DMD, dystrophin is not expressed due to a disruption in the reading frame of the DMD gene, resulting in [...] Read more.
Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD) are X-linked muscle disorders caused by mutations of the DMD gene, which encodes the subsarcolemmal protein dystrophin. In DMD, dystrophin is not expressed due to a disruption in the reading frame of the DMD gene, resulting in a severe phenotype. Becker muscular dystrophy exhibits a milder phenotype, having mutations that maintain the reading frame and allow for the production of truncated dystrophin. To date, various therapeutic approaches for DMD have been extensively developed. However, the pathomechanism is quite complex despite it being a single gene disorder, and dystrophin is expressed not only in a large amount of skeletal muscle but also in cardiac, vascular, intestinal smooth muscle, and nervous system tissue. Thus, the most appropriate therapy would be complementation or restoration of dystrophin expression, such as gene therapy using viral vectors, readthrough therapy, or exon skipping therapy. Among them, exon skipping therapy with antisense oligonucleotides can restore the reading frame and yield the conversion of a severe phenotype to one that is mild. In this paper, I present the significance of molecular diagnosis and the development of mutation-based therapeutic strategies to complement or restore dystrophin expression. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Diagnosis and Novel Therapies for Neuromuscular/Musculoskeletal Diseases)
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17 pages, 564 KiB  
Review
Personalized Medicine and Molecular Interaction Networks in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS): Current Knowledge
by Stephen Morgan, Stephanie Duguez and William Duddy
J. Pers. Med. 2018, 8(4), 44; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm8040044 - 13 Dec 2018
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 8827
Abstract
Multiple genes and mechanisms of pathophysiology have been implicated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), suggesting it is a complex systemic disease. With this in mind, applying personalized medicine (PM) approaches to tailor treatment pipelines for ALS patients may be necessary. The modelling and [...] Read more.
Multiple genes and mechanisms of pathophysiology have been implicated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), suggesting it is a complex systemic disease. With this in mind, applying personalized medicine (PM) approaches to tailor treatment pipelines for ALS patients may be necessary. The modelling and analysis of molecular interaction networks could represent valuable resources in defining ALS-associated pathways and discovering novel therapeutic targets. Here we review existing omics datasets and analytical approaches, in order to consider how molecular interaction networks could improve our understanding of the molecular pathophysiology of this fatal neuromuscular disorder. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Diagnosis and Novel Therapies for Neuromuscular/Musculoskeletal Diseases)
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20 pages, 1060 KiB  
Review
Applications of CRISPR/Cas9 for the Treatment of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
by Kenji Rowel Q. Lim, Chantal Yoon and Toshifumi Yokota
J. Pers. Med. 2018, 8(4), 38; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm8040038 - 24 Nov 2018
Cited by 48 | Viewed by 17233
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal X-linked recessive neuromuscular disease prevalent in 1 in 3500 to 5000 males worldwide. As a result of mutations that interrupt the reading frame of the dystrophin gene (DMD), DMD is characterized by a loss [...] Read more.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal X-linked recessive neuromuscular disease prevalent in 1 in 3500 to 5000 males worldwide. As a result of mutations that interrupt the reading frame of the dystrophin gene (DMD), DMD is characterized by a loss of dystrophin protein that leads to decreased muscle membrane integrity, which increases susceptibility to degeneration. CRISPR/Cas9 technology has garnered interest as an avenue for DMD therapy due to its potential for permanent exon skipping, which can restore the disrupted DMD reading frame in DMD and lead to dystrophin restoration. An RNA-guided DNA endonuclease system, CRISPR/Cas9 allows for the targeted editing of specific sequences in the genome. The efficacy and safety of CRISPR/Cas9 as a therapy for DMD has been evaluated by numerous studies in vitro and in vivo, with varying rates of success. Despite the potential of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing for the long-term treatment of DMD, its translation into the clinic is currently challenged by issues such as off-targeting, immune response activation, and sub-optimal in vivo delivery. Its nature as being mostly a personalized form of therapy also limits applicability to DMD patients, who exhibit a wide spectrum of mutations. This review summarizes the various CRISPR/Cas9 strategies that have been tested in vitro and in vivo for the treatment of DMD. Perspectives on the approach will be provided, and the challenges faced by CRISPR/Cas9 in its road to the clinic will be briefly discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Diagnosis and Novel Therapies for Neuromuscular/Musculoskeletal Diseases)
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