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Advances in Bulk Metallic Glasses

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2011) | Viewed by 14524

Special Issue Editors

Euronano-SIMaP, Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG), 1130 rue de la Piscine, BP 75, 38402 Saint-Martin-d'Hères, France
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
WPI-AIMR, Tohoku University, Japan; Euronano-SIMaP-INP Grenoble, 1130 rue de la Piscine, BP 75, 38402 Saint-Martin-d'Hères, France
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) are currently on the cutting edge of Materials Science research. Easy bulk glass forming alloys are usually multicomponent eutectic or near eutectic liquid compositions with high viscosities and depressed melting temperatures that result in reduced critical cooling rates required for suppression of crystal formation.

For about two decades after the discovery of the first glassy alloy quenched from the liquid in 1960, the critical cooling rate for suppression of crystallisation was extremely high (of the order of 106 K/s), limiting the sample dimensions to less than 100 μm and restricting applications to a few areas such as magnetic devices and sensors. In the 80’s, an improvement of the maximum size of glassy specimens had been achieved for few alloys using fluxing techniques, bringing down the critical cooling rates to about 104K/s. However, the trend changed in the early 90’s and bulk metallic glasses emerged as an important and promising new class of materials. Since then, a large number of bulk alloys has been quenched to a glassy state with thickness reaching several centimeters and critical cooling rates sometimes as low as 1 K/s. This dramatic improvement in the glass formability was related to alloys having three main features, i.e. multi-component systems, significant atomic size ratios above 12% between their components and negative heats of mixing.

The disordered atomic structure of bulk metallic glasses results in various remarkable properties, such as high mechanical strength up to 5 GPa, elasticity up to 2% strain, good corrosion and wear resistance and excellent soft magnetic properties. The combination of their unique properties with their good formability through viscous flow in the supercooled liquid state, and their near-net-shape casting ability has led to several new applications including reinforcement for high-performance sports equipment, micromotors, springs, armor devices, biomedical implants and ornaments. However, the field of bulk metallic glasses is believed to possess high potential for further development.

Prof. Dr. Alain. R. Yavari
Dr. Konstantinos Georgarakis
Guest Editors

Keywords

  • supercooled liquids
  • amorphous metals
  • glass-forming ability
  • liquid alloys
  • rapid quenching
  • copper mold casting
  • fluxing
  • critical cooling rate
  • glass transition
  • eutectic alloys

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435 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Hydrogen Content on Ballistic Transport Behaviors in the Ni-Nb-Zr-H Glassy Alloys
by Mikio Fukuhara and Yoshimasa Umemori
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13(1), 180-186; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms13010180 - 23 Dec 2011
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 5186
Abstract
The electronic transport behaviors of (Ni0.39Nb0.25Zr0.35)100−xHx (0 ≤ x 5Nb5Ni3 clusters have been studied as a function of hydrogen content. These alloys show semiconducting, electric current-induced voltage (Coulomb) oscillation and [...] Read more.
The electronic transport behaviors of (Ni0.39Nb0.25Zr0.35)100−xHx (0 ≤ x < 23.5) glassy alloys with subnanostructural icosahedral Zr5Nb5Ni3 clusters have been studied as a function of hydrogen content. These alloys show semiconducting, electric current-induced voltage (Coulomb) oscillation and ballistic transport behaviors. Coulomb oscillation and ballistic transport occur at hydrogen contents between 6.7 and 13.5 at% and between 13.5 and 21.2 at%, respectively. These results suggest that the localization effect of hydrogen in the clusters plays an important role in various electron transport phenomena. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Bulk Metallic Glasses)
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Review

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547 KiB  
Review
Glass Formation, Chemical Properties and Surface Analysis of Cu-Based Bulk Metallic Glasses
by Chunling Qin, Weimin Zhao and Akihisa Inoue
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2011, 12(4), 2275-2293; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms12042275 - 04 Apr 2011
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 8989
Abstract
This paper reviews the influence of alloying elements Mo, Nb, Ta and Ni on glass formation and corrosion resistance of Cu-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs). In order to obtain basic knowledge for application to the industry, corrosion resistance of the Cu–Hf–Ti–(Mo, Nb, Ta, [...] Read more.
This paper reviews the influence of alloying elements Mo, Nb, Ta and Ni on glass formation and corrosion resistance of Cu-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs). In order to obtain basic knowledge for application to the industry, corrosion resistance of the Cu–Hf–Ti–(Mo, Nb, Ta, Ni) and Cu–Zr–Ag–Al–(Nb) bulk glassy alloy systems in various solutions are reported in this work. Moreover, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis is performed to clarify the surface-related chemical characteristics of the alloy before and after immersion in the solutions; this has lead to a better understanding of the correlation between the surface composition and the corrosion resistance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Bulk Metallic Glasses)
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