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Resilience of Energy Systems 2017

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A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 August 2017) | Viewed by 22383

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Prof. Dr. Stefan Gößling-Reisemann

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Guest Editor

Department of Resilient Energy Systems, University of Bremen, Enrique-Schmidt-Str. 7, 28359 Bremen, Germany
Interests: resilience of energy systems, vulnerabiliy of energy systems, renewable energies, systems analysis, thermodynamics, resource use, critical materials, life cycle assessment
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Prof. Dr. Hermann De Meer

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Guest Editor

Chair of Computer Networks and Computer Communications, University of Passau, Innstraße 43, Passau, Germany
Interests: network virtualization, self-organizing systems, IT security, safety, and energy-efficiency
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Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Kröger

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Guest Editor

ETH Risk Center, SEC D2, Scheuchzerstrasse 7, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
Interests: nuclear technology and safety; vulnerability of large-scale physical-engineered systems/interdependent critical infrastructures; sustainable energy systems
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

“Resilience of Energy Systems 2017” is the continuation of the previous and successful Special Issue, “Resilience of Energy Systems” in 2015. We invite papers for this Special Issue on the Resilience of Energy Systems that address one of the following topics, or related research questions:

Architecture of resilient energy systems
Reliability of energy services in extreme and/or unpredictable conditions
Structural vulnerabilities of energy systems
Energy systems and climate adaptation
Preparing energy systems for unexpected effects
Resilient strategies for managing supply risks
Adaptive and flexible power generation for resilience
Adaptive and flexible network design (power, gas, heat)
Limits of predict and control strategies for energy systems
Storage and intelligent control of production and demand for greater resilience
Resilience through diversification, scalability and modularity of energy systems
Centralization and decentralization of energy systems in view of vulnerability and resilience
Cellular design of energy systems for resilience
Interoperation and combined resilience of power, heat and gas infrastructures
Trade-offs between resilience, efficiency, costs and environmental performance
Political and economic instruments to foster resilience of energy systems
Resilience as a guiding principle in innovation processes
The role of different stakeholder groups for resilience of energy systems
Methods for assessing the resilience of energy systems

Prof. Dr. Stefan Gößling-Reisemann
Prof. Dr. Hermann de Meer
Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Kröger
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

resilient energy systems;
vulnerability of energy systems;
energy system design;
robustness and adaptivity of energy systems;
energy systems and extreme events;
precautionary approach for energy systems;
risk and uncertainty in energy systems.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

27 pages, 5997 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Perceived and Reported Reliability of the Electricity Supply at Three Urban Locations in Indonesia

by Kunaifi and Angèle Reinders

Energies 2018, 11(1), 140; https://doi.org/10.3390/en11010140 - 06 Jan 2018

Cited by 21 | Viewed by 7688

Abstract

This paper focuses on the reliability of electricity supply at three different locations in Indonesia, namely in Sumatra, Timor, and Papua, through a comparison of reported indices of power reliability (SAIFI and SAIDI) and experimental results from user surveys and power measurements. The reason for this study is the lack of information about the actual, quantified reliability of power supplied by the main grid in Indonesia, while narratives of end-users indicate the reliability might be unsatisfactory. The study was executed using data from 114 randomly-selected respondents in the city of Pekanbaru in Sumatra, 65 in the city of Kupang in Timor and 26 in the city of Jayapura in Papua, totaling 205 respondents. These users experienced a higher unavailability of power delivered by the grid than expressed by the utility-reported SAIDI and SAIFI. Therefore, for this study, new indices are introduced, namely the Perceived (P) SAIDI and SAIFI, which are based on the frequency and duration of blackouts experienced by the users. It is concluded that the reported reliability indices do not always demonstrate the experience of the grid users. P-SAIFIs were 1.3 to 4.6 times higher in Pekanbaru and Kupang, respectively than the utility-reported SAIFIs for the same provinces. Also, P-SAIDIs were 2.6 to 3.9 times higher in Pekanbaru and Kupang, respectively, than the utilities’ SAIDIs. It is therefore not surprising that depending on the location, 14% to 65% of the users own a backup generator and that households are willing to pay $3 to $8 extra per monthly electricity bill or $1c–$3c per kWh for improved reliability. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Resilience of Energy Systems 2017)

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6235 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Resilient Prosumer Scenario in a Changing Regulatory Environment—The UniRCon Solution

by Mihai Sanduleac, Irina Ciornei, Mihaela Albu, Lucian Toma, Marta Sturzeanu and João F. Martins

Energies 2017, 10(12), 1941; https://doi.org/10.3390/en10121941 - 23 Nov 2017

Cited by 11 | Viewed by 4283

Abstract

Technological developments are pushing for new solutions based upon massive integration of renewable electricity generation in networks already facing many challenges. This paper presents a novel approach to managing the energy transfer towards prosumers making use of smart management of local energy storage. The proposed design (including storage dimensioning) is based on several operating scenarios in which the prosumer might operate as: (i) a “load only” entity (from a grid perspective), thus exhibiting investment resiliency against regulatory changes and high energy efficiency; or (ii) a prosumer, in case regulatory opportunistic profit might be available. This can be realized within a newly proposed Uni-directional Resilient Consumer (UniRCon) architecture. The major aim of the proposed architecture is to achieve optimal self-consumption while avoiding curtailment even in a changing regulatory environment like, for example, the total lack of incentives for generation based on renewable energy sources (RES). One of the major advantages of the proposed architecture consists in the adaptability to changes in the regulatory and market environment. The term resilience is used with multiple meanings: (a) the prosumer’s financial resilience against regulatory changes when investment calculations assume no-grid injections; (b) the prosumer’s technical resilience, with electrical design based on standalone operation; (c) the resilience of clusters of interconnected end-user installations with enabled community-level electricity exchange, independent of the existing main grid supply; (d) the contribution to grid resilience, by enabling AC microgrid (MG) operation in island mode when large portions of the grid are formed by clusters of UniRCon prosumers (the ease of islanding segmentation of the local grid in case of emergencies). For proof of concept, three use-cases are detailed: (i) photovoltaic (PV) installations connected behind the meter; (ii) PV and storage available and controllable behind the meter; and (iii) the UniRCon architecture. The three use-cases are then compared and assessed for four near-future timelines as starting points for the investment. Numerical simulations show the attractiveness of the UniRCon solution in what concerns both system operation costs and supply resilience. Savings are expressed as opportunity savings arising from difference in tariffs while charging and discharging the storage unit and due to the avoidance of curtailment, as well as special taxes for the connection of PV (depending on regulatory environment). An extension of the UniRCon concept is presented also at community scale, with neighbourhood energy exchange inside a resilient cluster. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Resilience of Energy Systems 2017)

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374 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Optimal Allocation of Photovoltaic Systems and Energy Storage Systems based on Vulnerability Analysis

by Ryusuke Konishi and Masaki Takahashi

Energies 2017, 10(10), 1477; https://doi.org/10.3390/en10101477 - 24 Sep 2017

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3747

Abstract

There is a growing need to connect renewable energy systems (REs), such as photovoltaic systems (PVs), to the power grid for solving environmental problems such as global warming. However, an electricity grid with RE is vulnerable to problems of power shortage and surplus owing to the uncertainty of RE outputs and grid failures. Energy storage systems (ESSs) can be used to solve supply reliability problems, but their installation should be minimized considering their high costs. This study proposes a method to optimize the allocations of PVs and ESSs based on vulnerability analysis, and utilizes our proposed concept of “slow” and “fast” ESSs, which can reflect the influences of both uncertainties: PV outputs and grid failures. Accordingly, this paper demonstrates an optimal allocation of PVs and ESSs that minimizes the amount of ESSs while satisfying the PV installation target and the constraints on supply reliability indices for power shortage and power surplus in the event of a grid failure. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Resilience of Energy Systems 2017)

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4834 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Fuzzy Logic-Based Operation of Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs) for Enhancing the Resiliency of Hybrid Microgrids

by Akhtar Hussain, Van-Hai Bui and Hak-Man Kim

Energies 2017, 10(3), 271; https://doi.org/10.3390/en10030271 - 24 Feb 2017

Cited by 33 | Viewed by 5993

Abstract

The resiliency of power systems can be enhanced during emergency situations by using microgrids, due to their capability to supply local loads. However, precise prediction of disturbance events is very difficult rather the occurrence probability can be expressed as, high, medium, or low, etc. Therefore, a fuzzy logic-based battery energy storage system (BESS) operation controller is proposed in this study. In addition to BESS state-of-charge and market price signals, event occurrence probability is taken as crisp input for the BESS operation controller. After assessing the membership levels of all the three inputs, BESS operation controller decides the operation mode (subservient or resilient) of BESS units. In subservient mode, BESS is fully controlled by an energy management system (EMS) while in the case of resilient mode, the EMS follows the commands of the BESS operation controller for scheduling BESS units. Therefore, the proposed hybrid microgrid model can operate in normal, resilient, and emergency modes with the respective objective functions and scheduling horizons. Due to the consideration of resilient mode, load curtailment can be reduced during emergency operation periods. Numerical simulations have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed strategy for enhancing the resiliency of hybrid microgrids. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Resilience of Energy Systems 2017)

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