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Catalysts
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Conversion of CO2 into CO Using Heterogeneous Catalysis
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Conversion of CO2 into CO Using Heterogeneous Catalysis

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Catalytic Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2018) | Viewed by 31279

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Young Dok Kim

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
Interests: surface analyses; heterogeneous catalysis; CO2 conversion; adsorption; oxidation of volatile organic compounds; atomic layer deposition; polymer thin films
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Treatment of carbon dioxide, regarded to be responsible for climate change, has been attracting attention for the last two to three decades, and, recently, not only storage of carbon dioxide, but also the synthesis of value-added products out of carbon dioxide has become of importance. Among various chemical compounds produced out of chemical reactions, in which carbon dioxide is used as a reactant, carbon monoxide is regarded to be particularly valuable, since carbon monoxide, one of the syngases, can be used as a starting material for synthesizing other hydrocarbon molecules via further reactions. Examples for synthesizing valuable hydrocabon molecules out of carbon monoxide are the synthesis of methanol or C2,C3 olefins via the Fischer–Tropsch process. There are various strategies for converting carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide: Reverse water gas shift or dry reforming can be possible routes of production of carbon monoxide out of carbon dioxide, and electrochemical methods can also be taken into account. In any case, heterogeneous catalysts are required for converting carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide and many investigations have been recently devoted to deveolping catalysts for these reactions, with high catalytic activity, selectivity, and stability. Though, much more works should be done for developing superior catalysts, on the other hand, unveiling mechanism of deactivation and regenertion of catalysts on atomic scale should also be coupled with development of highly active and stable catalysts for conversion of carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide.

This Special Issue aims to cover recent progress and advances in fabricating novel catalysts with high activity and stablity for catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide. Moreover, deactivation behavior, as well as regenertion of catalytic activity via various processes and their mechanims, should be important subjects for this Special Issue.

Prof. Young Dok Kim
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Catalysts is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Carbon dioxide
  • Carbon monoxide
  • Reverse water gas shift
  • Dry reforming
  • Electrocatalysis
  • Deactivation
  • Regeneration

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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28 pages, 7828 KiB  
Article
Development of Two Novel Processes for Hydrogenation of CO2 to Methanol over Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 Catalyst to Improve the Performance of Conventional Dual Type Methanol Synthesis Reactor
by Behnaz Rahmatmand, Mohammad Reza Rahimpour and Peyman Keshavarz
Catalysts 2018, 8(7), 255; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal8070255 - 23 Jun 2018
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 6777
Abstract
Conventional methanol synthesis process (CR configuration) consists of water-cooled and gas-cooled reactors in which methanol and water are condensed inside the gas-cooled reactor which deactivates the catalyst. In this study, two novel configurations (AW and ACW configurations) are represented to address this problem [...] Read more.
Conventional methanol synthesis process (CR configuration) consists of water-cooled and gas-cooled reactors in which methanol and water are condensed inside the gas-cooled reactor which deactivates the catalyst. In this study, two novel configurations (AW and ACW configurations) are represented to address this problem in which the gas-cooled reactor is replaced with adiabatic reactor. Moreover, a condenser is applied between adiabatic and water-cooled reactors in ACW configuration. Results show that temperature increases somewhat along the adiabatic reactor that prevents gas condensate formation. Besides, the adiabatic reactor maximum temperature is less than that of first reactor in CR configuration which prevents copper based catalyst thermal sintering. Moreover, a high cross section-to-length ratio of the adiabatic reactor leads to negligible pressure drop along the reactor and improvement in CO2 conversion to methanol that has positive environmental effects. Also, water mole fraction decreases along the reactors of AW and ACW configurations to prevent the deactivation of catalyst active sites. Eventually, methanol production rates by AW and ACW configurations are improved around 25.5% and 43.1% in comparison with CR configuration. So, novel AW and ACW configurations provide many benefits including improvement in catalyst activity and durability, CO2 conversion, and the methanol production rate. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Conversion of CO2 into CO Using Heterogeneous Catalysis)
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10 pages, 7730 KiB  
Article
Kinetics of CO Oxidation over Unloaded and Pd-Loaded α-Fe2O3 Spherical Submicron Powder Catalysts: Photoacoustic Investigations at Low Pressure
by Joong-Seok Roh, Ji-Yeong Kim, Joong-Gill Choi and Sung-Han Lee
Catalysts 2018, 8(3), 98; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal8030098 - 28 Feb 2018
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3347
Abstract
In this study, α-Fe2O3 spherical particles with an average diameter of approximately 200 nm were synthesized by a solvothermal method for use as both a catalyst and medium for a Pd catalyst. The kinetics of CO oxidation over powders of [...] Read more.
In this study, α-Fe2O3 spherical particles with an average diameter of approximately 200 nm were synthesized by a solvothermal method for use as both a catalyst and medium for a Pd catalyst. The kinetics of CO oxidation over powders of α-Fe2O3 spherical particles and 14 wt % Pd/α-Fe2O3 spherical particles were measured in a static reactor by using a CO2 laser-based photoacoustic technique. The total pressure was fixed at 40 Torr for the CO/O2/N2 mixture for temperatures in the range of 225–350 °C. The variation in the CO2 photoacoustic signal with the CO2 concentration during CO oxidation was recorded as a function of time, and the CO2 photoacoustic data at the early reaction stage was used to estimate the rates of CO2 formation. Based on plots of ln(rate) vs. 1/T, apparent activation energies were calculated as 13.4 kcal/mol for the α-Fe2O3 submicron powder and 13.2 kcal/mol for the 14 wt % Pd/α-Fe2O3 submicron powder. Reaction orders with respect to CO and O2 were determined from the rates measured at various partial pressures of CO and O2 at 350 °C. The zero-order of the reaction with respect to Po2 was observed for CO oxidation over α-Fe2O3 submicron powder, while 0.48 order to Po2 was observed for CO oxidation over Pd/α-Fe2O3 submicron powder. The partial orders with respect to PCO were determined as 0.58 and 0.54 for the α-Fe2O3, and the Pd/α-Fe2O3 submicron powders, respectively. The kinetic results obtained from both catalysts were compared with those for the α-Fe2O3 fine powder catalysts and were used to understand the reaction mechanism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Conversion of CO2 into CO Using Heterogeneous Catalysis)
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2032 KiB  
Article
Pulse Microcalorimetry Study of Methane Dry Reforming Reaction on Ni/Ceria-Zirconia Catalyst
by Mikhail N. Simonov, Vladimir A. Rogov, Marina Yu. Smirnova and Vladislav A. Sadykov
Catalysts 2017, 7(9), 268; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal7090268 - 12 Sep 2017
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 5455
Abstract
For Ni/CeZrO catalyst prepared in supercritical isopropanol main features of methane dry reforming reaction mechanism were studied by the pulse microcalorimetric technique. The reaction scheme is described by a step-wise redox mechanism with independent stages of CH4 transformation on Ni/support interface producing [...] Read more.
For Ni/CeZrO catalyst prepared in supercritical isopropanol main features of methane dry reforming reaction mechanism were studied by the pulse microcalorimetric technique. The reaction scheme is described by a step-wise redox mechanism with independent stages of CH4 transformation on Ni/support interface producing syngas with participation of support oxygen bridging species (the rate-limiting stage) and fast reoxidation of support sites by CO2 yielding CO regenerating reactive oxygen species. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Conversion of CO2 into CO Using Heterogeneous Catalysis)
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Review

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18 pages, 5566 KiB  
Review
Atomic Layer Deposition for Preparation of Highly Efficient Catalysts for Dry Reforming of Methane
by Soong Yeon Kim, Byeong Jun Cha, Shahid Saqlain, Hyun Ook Seo and Young Dok Kim
Catalysts 2019, 9(3), 266; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal9030266 - 15 Mar 2019
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 5315
Abstract
In this article, the structural and chemical properties of heterogeneous catalysts prepared by atomic layer deposition (ALD) are discussed. Oxide shells can be deposited on metal particles, forming shell/core type catalysts, while metal nanoparticles are incorporated into the deep inner parts of mesoporous [...] Read more.
In this article, the structural and chemical properties of heterogeneous catalysts prepared by atomic layer deposition (ALD) are discussed. Oxide shells can be deposited on metal particles, forming shell/core type catalysts, while metal nanoparticles are incorporated into the deep inner parts of mesoporous supporting materials using ALD. Both structures were used as catalysts for the dry reforming of methane (DRM) reaction, which converts CO2 and CH4 into CO and H2. These ALD-prepared catalysts are not only highly initially active for the DRM reaction but are also stable for long-term operation. The origins of the high catalytic activity and stability of the ALD-prepared catalysts are thoroughly discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Conversion of CO2 into CO Using Heterogeneous Catalysis)
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18 pages, 3442 KiB  
Review
Recent Scientific Progress on Developing Supported Ni Catalysts for Dry (CO2) Reforming of Methane
by Hyun Ook Seo
Catalysts 2018, 8(3), 110; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal8030110 - 11 Mar 2018
Cited by 86 | Viewed by 8536
Abstract
Two major green house gases (CO2 and CH4) can be converted into useful synthetic gas (H2 and CO) during dry reforming of methane (DRM) reaction, and a lot of scientific efforts has been made to develop efficient catalysts for [...] Read more.
Two major green house gases (CO2 and CH4) can be converted into useful synthetic gas (H2 and CO) during dry reforming of methane (DRM) reaction, and a lot of scientific efforts has been made to develop efficient catalysts for dry reforming of methane (DRM). Noble metal-based catalysts can effectively assist DRM reaction, however they are not economically viable. Alternatively, non-noble based catalysts have been studied so far, and supported Ni catalysts have been considered as a promising candidate for DRM catalyst. Main drawback of Ni catalysts is its catalytic instability under operating conditions of DRM (>700 °C). Recently, it has been demonstrated that the appropriate choice of metal-oxide supports can address this issue since the chemical and physical of metal-oxide supports can prevent coke formation and stabilize the small Ni nanoparticles under harsh conditions of DRM operation. This mini-review covers the recent scientific findings on the development of supported Ni catalysts for DRM reaction, including the synthetic methods of supported Ni nanoparticles with high sintering resistance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Conversion of CO2 into CO Using Heterogeneous Catalysis)
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