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Applied Sciences
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Advances in Thermal System Analysis and Optimization
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Advances in Thermal System Analysis and Optimization

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Science and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2017) | Viewed by 37284

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Xianchang Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department Mechanical Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX 77710, USA
Interests: heat transfer; thermodynamics; turbomachinery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

You are cordially invited to submit your original research or review papers to this Special Issue, “Advances in Thermal System Analysis and Optimization”. The importance of thermal systems, which include, not only the traditional power plants and jet engines, but also electronic cooling systems, requires us to continuously make them better. There is no doubt that the energy efficiency needs to be high. However, the emission and reliability also have to be considered.  Therefore, it is critical to conduct a though analysis and reach a solution for all these needs, which makes the problems more complicated. Furthermore, advances can be made by looking for some innovative ideas for cycles, such as the Organic Flash Cycle (OFC), and taking advantage of new technologies, such as nano fluids. This Special Issue is to highlight the recent advances in the analysis and optimization of all these systems. The contribution can be originated from experimental study, numerical simulation, or theoretical modeling. The research topics can include, but are not limited to, the analysis of: Simple and combined power cycles, innovative cycle for low-graded or waste energy, envelope of building energy, electronic cooling/thermal management, advanced usage of renewable energy, and emission reduction in combustion. You are always welcome to discuss your work with us for publication in this Special Issue. Thank you.

Dr. Xianchang Li
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Performance optimization with innovative technologies
  • Efficiency analysis and emission reduction
  • Low-graded energy usage and waste energy recovery
  • Emerging technologies for thermal/energy systems
  • Tools and methodologies for thermal system optimization
  • Case studies of a thermal system

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

6830 KiB  
Article
Numerical Investigation of Heat-Insulating Layers in a Cold Region Tunnel, Taking into Account Airflow and Heat Transfer
by Qixiang Yan, Binjia Li, Yanyang Zhang, Jian Yan and Chuan Zhang
Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(7), 679; https://doi.org/10.3390/app7070679 - 01 Jul 2017
Cited by 32 | Viewed by 4679
Abstract
In cold regions, heat-insulating layers play a crucial role in frost prevention in tunnels. This paper presents a numerical study on the anti-freezing behavior of a cold region tunnel (the Dege tunnel) with heat-insulating layers. A numerical model based on the temperature field [...] Read more.
In cold regions, heat-insulating layers play a crucial role in frost prevention in tunnels. This paper presents a numerical study on the anti-freezing behavior of a cold region tunnel (the Dege tunnel) with heat-insulating layers. A numerical model based on the temperature field coupling theory is firstly proposed and validated using field test data of the Dege tunnel. Subsequently, a comprehensive parametric study is carried out to investigate the influences of heat-insulating layers on the temperature characteristics of airflows inside the tunnel, the surrounding rock, and the tunnel lining. Furthermore, a numerical investigation based on the proposed numerical model is carried out to propose reasonable design parameters of heat-insulating layers for different velocities of mechanical ventilation, and different heat-insulating materials for cold region tunnels. The numerical results show that using the heat-insulating layer can effectively reduce the heat transfer between the surrounding rock and the airflow inside the tunnel. It is also found that the design parameters for the heat-insulating layer are greatly affected by the tunnel ventilation conditions and heat-insulating materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Thermal System Analysis and Optimization)
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6411 KiB  
Article
Experimental Investigation on the Effects of DBD Plasma on the Film Cooling Effectiveness of a 30-Degree Slot
by Ye Jee Kim, Gi Mun Kim, Youhwan Shin and Jae Su Kwak
Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(6), 633; https://doi.org/10.3390/app7060633 - 19 Jun 2017
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 4128
Abstract
The effects of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma on the film cooling effectiveness of a 30-degree slot was experimentally investigated in a low-speed wind tunnel. The pressure sensitive paint (PSP) technique was used to measure the film cooling effectiveness, and two blowing ratios [...] Read more.
The effects of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma on the film cooling effectiveness of a 30-degree slot was experimentally investigated in a low-speed wind tunnel. The pressure sensitive paint (PSP) technique was used to measure the film cooling effectiveness, and two blowing ratios (0.5 and 1.0) were tested. A sinusoidal waveform with a 1-kHz frequency was supplied to the exposed electrode. Two input voltages (6 and 7 kV) and two exposed electrode locations were considered. The results showed that the film cooling effectiveness of the slot was higher for the blowing ratio of the 1.0 case than that for the blowing ratio of the 0.5 case regardless of plasma operation. The higher input voltage case (7 kV) showed higher film cooling effectiveness than the lower input voltage case (6 kV). The improvement in film cooling effectiveness facilitated by the DBD plasma was more significant when the coolant had less momentum. The maximum improvement of the area averaged film cooling effectiveness was 2.3% for the case with the exposed electrode located at the slot exit and a blowing ratio of 0.5. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Thermal System Analysis and Optimization)
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14314 KiB  
Article
Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of Cold Plasma Plume Mixing with Blood Using Level Set Method Coupled with Heat Transfer
by Mehrdad Shahmohammadi Beni and Kwan Ngok Yu
Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(6), 578; https://doi.org/10.3390/app7060578 - 03 Jun 2017
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 6332
Abstract
Cold plasmas were proposed for treatment of leukemia. In the present work, conceptual designs of mixing chambers that increased the contact between the two fluids (plasma and blood) through addition of obstacles within rectangular-block-shaped chambers were proposed and the dynamic mixing between the [...] Read more.
Cold plasmas were proposed for treatment of leukemia. In the present work, conceptual designs of mixing chambers that increased the contact between the two fluids (plasma and blood) through addition of obstacles within rectangular-block-shaped chambers were proposed and the dynamic mixing between the plasma and blood were studied using the level set method coupled with heat transfer. Enhancement of mixing between blood and plasma in the presence of obstacles was demonstrated. Continuous tracking of fluid mixing with determination of temperature distributions was enabled by the present model, which would be a useful tool for future development of cold plasma devices for treatment of blood-related diseases such as leukemia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Thermal System Analysis and Optimization)
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2142 KiB  
Article
Experimental Study on Heat Transfer Performance of Vacuum Tube Heat Collector with Thermal Storage
by Xinpeng Huang, Zhenqian Chen and Juan Shi
Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(5), 448; https://doi.org/10.3390/app7050448 - 28 Apr 2017
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 4782
Abstract
This experimental study is intended to explore the heat performance of a novel vacuum tube heat collector with thermal storage. In order to enhance the heat transfer performance, we add radial metal fins to the U-tube which is used as the heat transfer [...] Read more.
This experimental study is intended to explore the heat performance of a novel vacuum tube heat collector with thermal storage. In order to enhance the heat transfer performance, we add radial metal fins to the U-tube which is used as the heat transfer channel of water. Meanwhile, in order to increase the thermal capacity of the heat collector, the heat collector model is designed to be larger than the general collector and is filled with the phase change materials (PCMs). In the U-tube, paraffin is chosen as the PCM. Then, during the experiment, to study the energy absorption and desorption characteristics of the heat collector, we chose to test during the day and night in the summer and the transition season. The experimental results show that, at night, the outlet water temperature of the vacuum tube heat collector has been enhanced by using PCM. The outlet water temperature decreases with the increase of flow rate. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Thermal System Analysis and Optimization)
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4091 KiB  
Article
Thermal Optimization of Horizontal Tubes with Tilted Rectangular Fins under Free Convection for the Cooling of Electronic Devices
by Jong Bum Lee, Hyun Jung Kim and Dong-Kwon Kim
Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(4), 352; https://doi.org/10.3390/app7040352 - 02 Apr 2017
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 5208
Abstract
In the present work, the horizontal tubes with tilted rectangular fins under free convection are experimentally investigated for the cooling of electronic devices. The temperature differences of horizontal tubes with tilted rectangular fins are measured for several heat inputs, tilt angles, and numbers [...] Read more.
In the present work, the horizontal tubes with tilted rectangular fins under free convection are experimentally investigated for the cooling of electronic devices. The temperature differences of horizontal tubes with tilted rectangular fins are measured for several heat inputs, tilt angles, and numbers of fins. Using the measurement results, a correlation for the prediction of the Nusselt number is suggested. This correlation is suitable for the situation for Rayleigh numbers of 200,000–1,100,000, tilt angles of 0°–90°, and numbers of fins of 9–36. On the basis of the correlation, the cooling performances are presented for various numbers of fins and thicknesses of fins, and the value of the optimal cooling performance is found. Finally, the optimal cooling performances of tubes with tilted rectangular fins and conventional radial rectangular fins are compared. The comparison results show that the optimal cooling performance of the tube with tilted fins is 6% greater than that of the tube with radial rectangular fins. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Thermal System Analysis and Optimization)
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7727 KiB  
Article
Heat Flow Characteristics of a Newly-Designed Cooling System with Multi-Fans and Thermal Baffle in the Wheel Loader
by Yidai Liao, Jiwen Zhuo, Yinliang Zhang, Honger Guan, Heting Huang and Huikun Cai
Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(3), 231; https://doi.org/10.3390/app7030231 - 01 Mar 2017
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 4975
Abstract
In the traditional cooling case, there is usually one fan in charge of heat transfer and airflow for all radiators. However, this seems to be inappropriate, or even insufficient, for modern construction machinery, as its overall heat flow density is increasing but thermal [...] Read more.
In the traditional cooling case, there is usually one fan in charge of heat transfer and airflow for all radiators. However, this seems to be inappropriate, or even insufficient, for modern construction machinery, as its overall heat flow density is increasing but thermal distribution is becoming uneven. In order to ensure that the machine works in a better condition, this paper employs a new cooling system with multiple fans and an independent cooling region. Based on the thermal flow and performance requirements, seven fans are divided into three groups. The independent cooling region is segregated from the engine region by a thermal baffle to avoid heat flowing into the engine region and inducing an overheat phenomenon. The experiment validates the efficiency of the new cooling system and accuracy of simulation. After validation, the simulation then analyzes heat transfer and flow characteristics of the cooling system, changing with different cross-sections in different axis directions, as well as different distances of the fan central axes. Finally, thermal baffles are set among the fan groups and provided a better cooling effect. The research realizes a multi-fan scheme with an independent cooling region in a wheel loader, which is a new, but high-efficiency, cooling system and will lead to a new change of various configurations and project designs in future construction machinery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Thermal System Analysis and Optimization)
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7785 KiB  
Article
In Situ Test Study on Freezing Scheme of Freeze-Sealing Pipe Roof Applied to the Gongbei Tunnel in the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge
by Xiangdong Hu, Shengjun Deng and Hui Ren
Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(1), 27; https://doi.org/10.3390/app7010027 - 27 Dec 2016
Cited by 29 | Viewed by 6667
Abstract
In order to solve the water sealing problem of soil between pipes of long distance curved pipe-jacked technology, Freeze-Sealing Pipe Roof (FSPR) as an innovative pre-supporting method in tunnel engineering is being applied to the Gongbei Tunnel in the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge. The [...] Read more.
In order to solve the water sealing problem of soil between pipes of long distance curved pipe-jacked technology, Freeze-Sealing Pipe Roof (FSPR) as an innovative pre-supporting method in tunnel engineering is being applied to the Gongbei Tunnel in the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge. The definition of FSPR is that large diameter steel pipes are laid out in a circle around the cross section of tunnel in advance, then the artificial ground freezing method is adopted to freeze soil between steel pipes to form water-sealing curtain. An effective freeze control system, which contains master freezing tubes, enhancing freezing tubes and limiting freezing tubes, is established for building up the frozen soil curtain, maintaining its stability during excavation and controlling the volume of frozen soil to limit frost heave dynamically. An in-situ test was carried out to explore the optimal freezing scheme and control mode. The results of the test show that the principal freezing scheme of the solid pipe with hollow pipe as a complement is the most optimal scheme in active freezing phase of the real construction. Meanwhile, cold control mode is suggested to control frost heave in maintained freezing phase. The conclusions have important guiding significance for this kind of engineering construction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Thermal System Analysis and Optimization)
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