Cancers 2011, 3(4), 4191-4211; doi:10.3390/cancers3044191
Review

Cancer Genome Sequencing and Its Implications for Personalized Cancer Vaccines

Lijin Li 1,† email, Peter Goedegebuure 1,2,† email, Elaine R. Mardis 2,3 email, Matthew J.C. Ellis 2,4 email, Xiuli Zhang 1 email, John M. Herndon 1 email, Timothy P. Fleming 1,2 email, Beatriz M. Carreno 2,4 email, Ted H. Hansen 2,5 email and William E. Gillanders 1,2,* email
1 Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA 2 The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA 3 The Genome Institute at Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA 4 Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA 5 Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA † These authors contributed equally to this work.
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 17 September 2011; in revised form: 31 October 2011 / Accepted: 9 November 2011 / Published: 25 November 2011
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cancer Vaccines and Immunotherapy)
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Abstract: New DNA sequencing platforms have revolutionized human genome sequencing. The dramatic advances in genome sequencing technologies predict that the $1,000 genome will become a reality within the next few years. Applied to cancer, the availability of cancer genome sequences permits real-time decision-making with the potential to affect diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment, and has opened the door towards personalized medicine. A promising strategy is the identification of mutated tumor antigens, and the design of personalized cancer vaccines. Supporting this notion are preliminary analyses of the epitope landscape in breast cancer suggesting that individual tumors express significant numbers of novel antigens to the immune system that can be specifically targeted through cancer vaccines.
Keywords: cancer genome sequencing; unique tumor antigen; DNA vaccine

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Cite This Article

MDPI and ACS Style

Li, L.; Goedegebuure, P.; Mardis, E.R.; Ellis, M.J.; Zhang, X.; Herndon, J.M.; Fleming, T.P.; Carreno, B.M.; Hansen, T.H.; Gillanders, W.E. Cancer Genome Sequencing and Its Implications for Personalized Cancer Vaccines. Cancers 2011, 3, 4191-4211.

AMA Style

Li L, Goedegebuure P, Mardis ER, Ellis MJ, Zhang X, Herndon JM, Fleming TP, Carreno BM, Hansen TH, Gillanders WE. Cancer Genome Sequencing and Its Implications for Personalized Cancer Vaccines. Cancers. 2011; 3(4):4191-4211.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Li, Lijin; Goedegebuure, Peter; Mardis, Elaine R.; Ellis, Matthew J.C.; Zhang, Xiuli; Herndon, John M.; Fleming, Timothy P.; Carreno, Beatriz M.; Hansen, Ted H.; Gillanders, William E. 2011. "Cancer Genome Sequencing and Its Implications for Personalized Cancer Vaccines." Cancers 3, no. 4: 4191-4211.

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