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Brockman, M.A., et al., Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Class I Down-Regulation by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Negative Factor (HIV-1 Nef): What Might We Learn From Natural Sequence Variants? Viruses 2012, 4, 1711-1730

1
Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
2
Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
3
Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Viruses 2012, 4(10), 2014-2015; https://doi.org/10.3390/v4102014
Submission received: 4 October 2012 / Revised: 5 October 2012 / Accepted: 5 October 2012 / Published: 5 October 2012
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Immune Evasion)

Graphical Abstract

In the original manuscript, the text in figure 1 is illegible. Furthermore, there is an unnecessary carriage return (page 1716, ~line 18) "crystallographic ... methods".
“…The N-terminal anchor domain of Nef is required for membrane association and localization into detergent-insoluble “lipid rafts” [77], while the central core encodes numerous protein interaction and intracellular trafficking motifs that contribute differentially to diverse Nef functions [78]. The central core domain of Nef adopts a stable tertiary fold, permitting its early characterization using both NMR and X-ray crystallographic methods [79,80]. Our understanding of Nef-mediated HLA down-regulation has been significantly enhanced by the recently reported crystal structure of Nef protein in complex with the MHC-I cytoplasmic domain and the μ1 subunit of the clatherin AP1 complex [76].”
The correct figure should be:
Figure 1. Presentation of viral peptide antigens by Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) class I. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) proviral gene expression, including RNA transcription (a) and protein translation (b); generates functional viral proteins (c) as well as truncated or mis-folded proteins that are degraded by the cellular proteasome complex to form short antigenic peptides (d); These peptides are transported from the cytoplasm into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (e) where they can be loaded onto HLA-I molecules.Peptide/HLA complexes traffic from the ER through the Golgi and secretory vesicle (SV) network to the plasma cell membrane, where the peptide antigens are presented to circulating cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) (f); The viral Nef protein shuttles HLA molecules located at the cell surface or within the trans-Golgi network into lysosomal compartments (g); where they are degraded.In the absence of Nef-mediated HLA down-regulation, antigen-specific CTL respond to stimulation by releasing cytotoxic molecules, including perforin and granzymes, resulting in elimination of the virus-infected cell (h).
Figure 1. Presentation of viral peptide antigens by Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) class I. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) proviral gene expression, including RNA transcription (a) and protein translation (b); generates functional viral proteins (c) as well as truncated or mis-folded proteins that are degraded by the cellular proteasome complex to form short antigenic peptides (d); These peptides are transported from the cytoplasm into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (e) where they can be loaded onto HLA-I molecules.Peptide/HLA complexes traffic from the ER through the Golgi and secretory vesicle (SV) network to the plasma cell membrane, where the peptide antigens are presented to circulating cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) (f); The viral Nef protein shuttles HLA molecules located at the cell surface or within the trans-Golgi network into lysosomal compartments (g); where they are degraded.In the absence of Nef-mediated HLA down-regulation, antigen-specific CTL respond to stimulation by releasing cytotoxic molecules, including perforin and granzymes, resulting in elimination of the virus-infected cell (h).
Viruses 04 02014 g001

References and Notes

  1. Mwimanzi, P.; Markle, T.J.; Ueno, T.; Brockman, M.A. Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Class I Down-Regulation by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Negative Factor (HIV-1 Nef): What Might We Learn From Natural Sequence Variants? Viruses 2012, 4, 1711–1730. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

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MDPI and ACS Style

Mwimanzi, P.; Markle, T.J.; Ueno, T.; Brockman, M.A. Brockman, M.A., et al., Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Class I Down-Regulation by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Negative Factor (HIV-1 Nef): What Might We Learn From Natural Sequence Variants? Viruses 2012, 4, 1711-1730. Viruses 2012, 4, 2014-2015. https://doi.org/10.3390/v4102014

AMA Style

Mwimanzi P, Markle TJ, Ueno T, Brockman MA. Brockman, M.A., et al., Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Class I Down-Regulation by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Negative Factor (HIV-1 Nef): What Might We Learn From Natural Sequence Variants? Viruses 2012, 4, 1711-1730. Viruses. 2012; 4(10):2014-2015. https://doi.org/10.3390/v4102014

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mwimanzi, Philip, Tristan J. Markle, Takamasa Ueno, and Mark A. Brockman. 2012. "Brockman, M.A., et al., Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Class I Down-Regulation by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Negative Factor (HIV-1 Nef): What Might We Learn From Natural Sequence Variants? Viruses 2012, 4, 1711-1730" Viruses 4, no. 10: 2014-2015. https://doi.org/10.3390/v4102014

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