Energies 2009, 2(3), 477-489; doi:10.3390/en20300477
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Calculation of Residual Electricity Mixes when Accounting for the EECS (European Electricity Certificate System) — the Need for a Harmonised System

Hanne Lerche Raadal* email, Cecilia Askham Nylandemail and Ole Jørgen Hanssenemail
Ostfold Research, Gamle Beddingvei 2B, N-1671 Kråkerøy, Norway
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 31 May 2009; in revised form: 22 June 2009 / Accepted: 26 June 2009 / Published: 1 July 2009
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Solutions in the Era of Climate Change)
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Abstract: According to the Electricity Directive, suppliers of electricity must disclose their electricity portfolio with regards to energy source and environmental impact. This paper gives some examples of disclosure systems and residual electricity mixes in Norway, Sweden and Finland, compared to an approach based on a common regional disclosure. Disclosures based on the E-TRACK standard are presented, as well as the variation in CO2 emissions from different residual mixes. The results from this study clearly show that there is a need for a harmonised, transparent and reliable system for the accounting of electricity disclosure in Europe.
Keywords: renewable electricity certificates; electricity disclosure; residual mix; global warming potential; life cycle assessment

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MDPI and ACS Style

Raadal, H.L.; Nyland, C.A.; Hanssen, O.J. Calculation of Residual Electricity Mixes when Accounting for the EECS (European Electricity Certificate System) — the Need for a Harmonised System. Energies 2009, 2, 477-489.

AMA Style

Raadal HL, Nyland CA, Hanssen OJ. Calculation of Residual Electricity Mixes when Accounting for the EECS (European Electricity Certificate System) — the Need for a Harmonised System. Energies. 2009; 2(3):477-489.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Raadal, Hanne Lerche; Nyland, Cecilia Askham; Hanssen, Ole Jørgen. 2009. "Calculation of Residual Electricity Mixes when Accounting for the EECS (European Electricity Certificate System) — the Need for a Harmonised System." Energies 2, no. 3: 477-489.

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