Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017, 14(10), 1172; doi:10.3390/ijerph14101172
The Development of Three Questionnaires to Assess Beliefs about Green Exercise
School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, Essex CO4 3SQ, UK
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Received: 8 September 2017 / Revised: 28 September 2017 / Accepted: 29 September 2017 / Published: 4 October 2017
Abstract
Green exercise is physical activity that takes place in the presence of natural environments. Despite the promising evidence of the benefits, little is known about how individuals’ thoughts and feelings influence participation in green exercise and subsequent outcomes. The aim of the current research was to develop questionnaires using the Theory of Planned Behaviour as a framework that could both directly and indirectly assess attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behaviour control, along with intention toward green exercise. Confirmatory factor analyses confirmed that the indirect, direct, and intention measures all had good overall model fits when tested on a refinement (n = 253) and validation (n = 230) sample. The questionnaires will contribute towards helping to better understanding individuals’ beliefs about green exercise, how these influence behaviour, and ultimately to enable the development of effective interventions promoting green exercise. View Full-TextKeywords:
attitudes; subjective norms; perceived behavioural control; intentions; theory of planned behaviour; confirmatory factor analysis; physical activity; outdoor recreation
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Flowers, E.P.; Freeman, P.; Gladwell, V.F. The Development of Three Questionnaires to Assess Beliefs about Green Exercise. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017, 14, 1172.
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