Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2013, 10(8), 3735-3752; doi:10.3390/ijerph10083735
The Role of Australian Mosquito Species in the Transmission of Endemic and Exotic West Nile Virus Strains
1
Metro North Public Health Unit, Queensland Health, Windsor 4030, QLD, Australia
2
School of Public Health Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitation Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns 4870, QLD, Australia
3
Public Health Virology, Forensic and Scientific Services, Department of Health, Coopers Plains 4108, QLD, Australia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 17 July 2013 / Revised: 7 August 2013 / Accepted: 7 August 2013 / Published: 19 August 2013
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Epidemiology of West Nile Virus)
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Abstract
Recent epidemic activity and its introduction into the Western Hemisphere have drawn attention to West Nile virus (WNV) as an international public health problem. Of particular concern has been the ability for the virus to cause outbreaks of disease in highly populated urban centers. Incrimination of Australian mosquito species is an essential component in determining the receptivity of Australia to the introduction and/or establishment of an exotic strain of WNV and can guide potential management strategies. Based on vector competence experiments and ecological studies, we suggest candidate Australian mosquito species that would most likely be involved in urban transmission of WNV, along with consideration of the endemic WNV subtype, Kunjin. We then examine the interaction of entomological factors with virological and vertebrate host factors, as well as likely mode of introduction, which may influence the potential for exotic WNV to become established and be maintained in urban transmission cycles in Australia. View Full-TextKeywords:
West Nile virus; vector; mosquito(es); Australia; Kunjin
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 3.0).
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Jansen, C.C.; Ritchie, S.A.; van den Hurk, A.F. The Role of Australian Mosquito Species in the Transmission of Endemic and Exotic West Nile Virus Strains. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2013, 10, 3735-3752.
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