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• Senni, K
• Pereira, J
• Gueniche, F
• Delbarre-Ladrat, C
• Sinquin, C
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• Godeau, G
• Fischer, A
• Helley, D
• Colliec-Jouault, S
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• Fischer, A
• Helley, D
• Colliec-Jouault, S
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• Pereira, J
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Mar. Drugs 2011, 9(9), 1664-1681; doi:10.3390/md9091664

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Marine Polysaccharides: A Source of Bioactive Molecules for Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering

Karim Senni ^1,† , Jessica Pereira ^2,† , Farida Gueniche ³ , Christine Delbarre-Ladrat ⁴ , Corinne Sinquin ⁴ , Jacqueline Ratiskol ⁴ , Gaston Godeau ³ , Anne-Marie Fischer ^2,5 , Dominique Helley ^2,5  and Sylvia Colliec-Jouault ^4,*

¹ Seadev-FermenSys SAS, Technopole Brest Iroise, 185 rue René Descartes, Plouzané 29280, France ² INSERM U765, Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR-S765, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 4 avenue de l’Observatoire, Paris 75006, France ³ Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Dental Surgery, Paris Descartes University, Montrouge 92120, France ⁴ Laboratory of Biotechnology and Marine Molecules, Ifremer, Rue de l’Ile d’Yeu, BP 21105, Nantes Cedex 03 44311, France ⁵ AP-HP, Biological Hematology Department, European Hospital Georges Pompidou, 20 rue Leblanc, Paris 75015, France ^† These authors contributed equally to this work.

* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 22 July 2011; in revised form: 2 September 2011 / Accepted: 5 September 2011 / Published: 23 September 2011

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Polysaccharides)

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Abstract: The therapeutic potential of natural bioactive compounds such as polysaccharides, especially glycosaminoglycans, is now well documented, and this activity combined with natural biodiversity will allow the development of a new generation of therapeutics. Advances in our understanding of the biosynthesis, structure and function of complex glycans from mammalian origin have shown the crucial role of this class of molecules to modulate disease processes and the importance of a deeper knowledge of structure-activity relationships. Marine environment offers a tremendous biodiversity and original polysaccharides have been discovered presenting a great chemical diversity that is largely species specific. The study of the biological properties of the polysaccharides from marine eukaryotes and marine prokaryotes revealed that the polysaccharides from the marine environment could provide a valid alternative to traditional polysaccharides such as glycosaminoglycans. Marine polysaccharides present a real potential for natural product drug discovery and for the delivery of new marine derived products for therapeutic applications.

Keywords: marine bacteria; marine algae; exopolysaccharides; sulfated polysaccharides; structure; chemical modification; biological activity; blue biotechnology; cell therapy; tissue engineering

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