Towards a Capacitive Enzyme Sensor for Direct Determination of Organophosphorus Pesticides: Fundamental Studies and Aspects of Development

doi:10.3390/s30600119

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Sensors 2003, 3(6), 119-127; doi:10.3390/s30600119

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Towards a Capacitive Enzyme Sensor for Direct Determination of Organophosphorus Pesticides: Fundamental Studies and Aspects of Development

Michael J. Schöning ^1,2^,*, Michael Arzdorf ^2,3, Priti Mulchandani ³, Wilfred Chen ³ and Ashok Mulchandani ³

¹ University of Applied Sciences Aachen, Ginsterweg 1, 52428 Jülich, Germany
² Institute of Thin Films and Interfaces, Research Centre Jülich GMBH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
³ Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Riversite California, Riversite , CA 92521, USA

^* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 7 April 2003 / Accepted: 14 May 2003 / Published: 28 June 2003

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Abstract: The realisation of a miniaturised potentiometric enzyme biosensor is presented. The biosensor chip utilises the enzyme organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) for the direct determination of pesticides. The transducer structure of the sensors chip consists of a pH-sensitive capacitive electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) structure that reacts towards pH changes caused by the OPH-catalised hydrolysis of the organophosphate compounds. The biosensor is operated versus a conventional Ag/AgCl reference electrode. Measurements were performed in the capacitance/voltage (C/V) and the constant capacitance (ConCap) mode for the two different pesticides paraoxon and parathion. For the development of this new type of biosensor, different immobilisation strategies, influence of buffer composition and concentration, transducer material, detection limit, long-term stability and selectivity have been studied.

Keywords: capacitive EIS sensor; OPH; semiconductor technology; enzyme biosensor

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MDPI and ACS Style

Schöning, M.J.; Arzdorf, M.; Mulchandani, P.; Chen, W.; Mulchandani, A. Towards a Capacitive Enzyme Sensor for Direct Determination of Organophosphorus Pesticides: Fundamental Studies and Aspects of Development. Sensors 2003, 3, 119-127.

AMA Style

Schöning M.J., Arzdorf M., Mulchandani P., Chen W., Mulchandani A. Towards a Capacitive Enzyme Sensor for Direct Determination of Organophosphorus Pesticides: Fundamental Studies and Aspects of Development. Sensors. 2003; 3(6):119-127.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Schöning, Michael J.; Arzdorf, Michael; Mulchandani, Priti; Chen, Wilfred; Mulchandani, Ashok. 2003. "Towards a Capacitive Enzyme Sensor for Direct Determination of Organophosphorus Pesticides: Fundamental Studies and Aspects of Development." Sensors 3, no. 6: 119-127.

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