Sensors 2015, 15(1), 565-591; doi:10.3390/s150100565
Non-Invasive UWB Sensing of Astronauts’ Breathing Activity
Università Politecnica delle Marche, Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Via Brecce Bianche 12, Ancona 60131, Italy
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Received: 11 November 2014 / Accepted: 24 December 2014 / Published: 30 December 2014
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art Sensors Technology in Italy 2014)
Abstract
The use of a UWB system for sensing breathing activity of astronauts must account for many critical issues specific to the space environment. The aim of this paper is twofold. The first concerns the definition of design constraints about the pulse amplitude and waveform to transmit, as well as the immunity requirements of the receiver. The second issue concerns the assessment of the procedures and the characteristics of the algorithms to use for signal processing to retrieve the breathing frequency and respiration waveform. The algorithm has to work correctly in the presence of surrounding electromagnetic noise due to other sources in the environment. The highly reflecting walls increase the difficulty of the problem and the hostile scenario has to be accurately characterized. Examples of signal processing techniques able to recover breathing frequency in significant and realistic situations are shown and discussed. View Full-TextKeywords:
breath detection; electromagnetic compatibility; sensors; radiated emission; radiated susceptibility; signal processing; space missions; spectral analysis; ultra wide bandwidth
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. (CC BY 4.0).
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MDPI and ACS Style
Baldi, M.; Cerri, G.; Chiaraluce, F.; Eusebi, L.; Russo, P. Non-Invasive UWB Sensing of Astronauts’ Breathing Activity. Sensors 2015, 15, 565-591.