Sensors 2012, 12(5), 5996-6022; doi:10.3390/s120505996
Review

A Critical Review of Glucose Biosensors Based on Carbon Nanomaterials: Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene

Zhigang Zhu 1,2,* email, Luis Garcia-Gancedo 1 email, Andrew J. Flewitt 1 email, Huaqing Xie 2 email, Francis Moussy 3 email and William I. Milne 1,4 email
1 Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK 2 School of Urban Development and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Second Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China 3 Brunel Institute for Bioengineering, Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UB8 3PH, UK 4 Department of Information Display, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, Korea
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 1 March 2012; in revised form: 18 April 2012 / Accepted: 2 May 2012 / Published: 10 May 2012
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensing at the Nano-Scale: Chemical and Bio-Sensing)
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Abstract: There has been an explosion of research into the physical and chemical properties of carbon-based nanomaterials, since the discovery of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by Iijima in 1991. Carbon nanomaterials offer unique advantages in several areas, like high surface-volume ratio, high electrical conductivity, chemical stability and strong mechanical strength, and are thus frequently being incorporated into sensing elements. Carbon nanomaterial-based sensors generally have higher sensitivities and a lower detection limit than conventional ones. In this review, a brief history of glucose biosensors is firstly presented. The carbon nanotube and grapheme-based biosensors, are introduced in Sections 3 and 4, respectively, which cover synthesis methods, up-to-date sensing approaches and nonenzymatic hybrid sensors. Finally, we briefly outline the current status and future direction for carbon nanomaterials to be used in the sensing area.
Keywords: glucose biosensor; carbon nanotube; graphene; non-enzymatic sensor; nanotechnology

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Cite This Article

MDPI and ACS Style

Zhu, Z.; Garcia-Gancedo, L.; Flewitt, A.J.; Xie, H.; Moussy, F.; Milne, W.I. A Critical Review of Glucose Biosensors Based on Carbon Nanomaterials: Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene. Sensors 2012, 12, 5996-6022.

AMA Style

Zhu Z, Garcia-Gancedo L, Flewitt AJ, Xie H, Moussy F, Milne WI. A Critical Review of Glucose Biosensors Based on Carbon Nanomaterials: Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene. Sensors. 2012; 12(5):5996-6022.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhu, Zhigang; Garcia-Gancedo, Luis; Flewitt, Andrew J.; Xie, Huaqing; Moussy, Francis; Milne, William I. 2012. "A Critical Review of Glucose Biosensors Based on Carbon Nanomaterials: Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene." Sensors 12, no. 5: 5996-6022.

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