Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18(5), 1011; doi:10.3390/ijms18051011
Salinity Response in Chloroplasts: Insights from Gene Characterization
1
Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
2
Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
3
Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Marcello Iriti
Received: 15 March 2017 / Revised: 30 April 2017 / Accepted: 4 May 2017 / Published: 8 May 2017
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the 6th National Plant Protein Research Congress)
Abstract
Salinity is a severe abiotic stress limiting agricultural yield and productivity. Plants have evolved various strategies to cope with salt stress. Chloroplasts are important photosynthesis organelles, which are sensitive to salinity. An understanding of molecular mechanisms in chloroplast tolerance to salinity is of great importance for genetic modification and plant breeding. Previous studies have characterized more than 53 salt-responsive genes encoding important chloroplast-localized proteins, which imply multiple vital pathways in chloroplasts in response to salt stress, such as thylakoid membrane organization, the modulation of photosystem II (PS II) activity, carbon dioxide (CO2) assimilation, photorespiration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, osmotic and ion homeostasis, abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis and signaling, and gene expression regulation, as well as protein synthesis and turnover. This review presents an overview of salt response in chloroplasts revealed by gene characterization efforts. View Full-TextKeywords:
chloroplast; gene characterization; salinity response
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Suo, J.; Zhao, Q.; David, L.; Chen, S.; Dai, S. Salinity Response in Chloroplasts: Insights from Gene Characterization. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18, 1011.
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