Increased Glutathione Synthesis Following Nrf2 Activation by Vanadyl Sulfate in Human Chang Liver Cells
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. GSH Amount Is Enhanced by Jeju Ground Water Containing Vanadium Components
2.2. Radical Scavenging Activity of Vanadyl Sulfate
2.3. Induction of GSH Synthesis by Vanadyl Sulfate
2.4. Increased GCLC Gene Transcription Following the Induction of Nuclear Translocation of Nrf2 by Vanadyl Sulfate
3. Experimental Section
3.1. Reagents
3.2. Cell Culture
3.3. Intracellular GSH Measurement
3.4. Detection of Superoxide Anion
3.5. Detection of Hydroxyl Radical
3.6. Measurement of Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
3.7. Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
3.8. Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR)
3.9. Western Blotting Analysis
3.10. Immunocytochemistry
3.11. Statistical Analysis
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
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Kim, A.D.; Zhang, R.; Kang, K.A.; You, H.J.; Hyun, J.W. Increased Glutathione Synthesis Following Nrf2 Activation by Vanadyl Sulfate in Human Chang Liver Cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2011, 12, 8878-8894. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms12128878
Kim AD, Zhang R, Kang KA, You HJ, Hyun JW. Increased Glutathione Synthesis Following Nrf2 Activation by Vanadyl Sulfate in Human Chang Liver Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2011; 12(12):8878-8894. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms12128878
Chicago/Turabian StyleKim, Areum Daseul, Rui Zhang, Kyoung Ah Kang, Ho Jin You, and Jin Won Hyun. 2011. "Increased Glutathione Synthesis Following Nrf2 Activation by Vanadyl Sulfate in Human Chang Liver Cells" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 12, no. 12: 8878-8894. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms12128878