Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2009, 10(3), 1346-1359; doi:10.3390/ijms10031346
Review

Participation of Low Molecular Weight Electron Carriers in Oxidative Protein Folding

Éva Margittaiemail, Miklós Csalaemail, József Mandlemail and Gábor Bánhegyiemail
Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University & MTA-SE Pathobiochemistry Research Group, 1444 Budapest, POB 260, Hungary
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 3 February 2009; in revised form: 8 March 2009 / Accepted: 17 March 2009 / Published: 20 March 2009
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Protein Folding)
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Abstract: Oxidative protein folding is mediated by a proteinaceous electron relay system, in which the concerted action of protein disulfide isomerase and Ero1 delivers the electrons from thiol groups to the final acceptor. Oxygen appears to be the final oxidant in aerobic living organisms, although the existence of alternative electron acceptors, e.g. fumarate or nitrate, cannot be excluded. Whilst the protein components of the system are well-known, less attention has been turned to the role of low molecular weight electron carriers in the process. The function of ascorbate, tocopherol and vitamin K has been raised recently. In vitro and in vivo evidence suggests that these redox-active compounds can contribute to the functioning of oxidative folding. This review focuses on the participation of small molecular weight redox compounds in oxidative protein folding.
Keywords: Oxidative folding; ascorbate; tocopherol; vitamin K; protein disulfide isomerase; Ero1; endoplasmic reticulum; glutathione; small-molecule catalysts

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MDPI and ACS Style

Margittai, É.; Csala, M.; Mandl, J.; Bánhegyi, G. Participation of Low Molecular Weight Electron Carriers in Oxidative Protein Folding. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2009, 10, 1346-1359.

AMA Style

Margittai É, Csala M, Mandl J, Bánhegyi G. Participation of Low Molecular Weight Electron Carriers in Oxidative Protein Folding. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2009; 10(3):1346-1359.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Margittai, Éva; Csala, Miklós; Mandl, József; Bánhegyi, Gábor. 2009. "Participation of Low Molecular Weight Electron Carriers in Oxidative Protein Folding." Int. J. Mol. Sci. 10, no. 3: 1346-1359.

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