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• Jung, S
• Moon, H
• Ohk, J
• Lee, S
• Li, C
• Kim, S
• Lee, M
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• Jung, S
• Moon, H
• Ohk, J
• Lee, S
• Li, C
• Kim, S
• Lee, M
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• Jung, S
• Moon, H
• Ohk, J
• Lee, S
• Li, C
• Kim, S
• Lee, M

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Molecules 2012, 17(5), 5945-5951; doi:10.3390/molecules17055945

Communication

Inhibitory Effect and Mechanism on Antiproliferation of Isoatriplicolide Tiglate (PCAC) from Paulownia Coreana

Samil Jung ^1,† , Hyung-In Moon ^2,† , Jiyeon Ohk ¹ , Soonduck Lee ¹ , Chengping Li ¹ , Soo-Ki Kim ³  and Myeong-Sok Lee ^1,*

¹ Division of Biological Science and Research Center for Women’s Diseases, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 140-742, Korea ² Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Dong-A University, Busan 604-714, Korea ³ College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea ^† These authors contributed equally to this work.

* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 28 April 2012; in revised form: 11 May 2012 / Accepted: 14 May 2012 / Published: 18 May 2012

(This article belongs to the Section Natural Products)

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Abstract: Paulownia coreana has traditionally been used as the medicine and health food in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. In the present study, a new antiproliferation agent, isoatriplicolide tiglate (PCAC) was isolated from the chloroform soluble fraction of the leaves of Paulownia coreana. The antiproliferation activities of PCAC plant extract was examined in breast and cervical cancer cell lines in a time-and dose-dependent manners. Our in vitro experiments showed that PCAC suppresses the cell growth and proliferation of cancer cells at a relatively low concentration ( < 10 µg/mL) and induces apoptosis at a high concentration ( > 50 µg/mL). Western blot analysis showed that concentration higher than 50 µg/mL induces a time-dependent increase in the percentage of apoptotic cells. In this case, PCAC uses both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways for the apoptosis. PCAC treatment decreased the expression of pro-caspase 8, 9, and 3, the main regulators of apoptotic cell death, in MDA-MB-231 cells, accompanied by the activation of caspase 8, 9, and 3. More importantly, PCAC inhibited the in vitro proliferation of six other human breast and cervical cancer cell lines. In conclusion, our data strongly suggest that PCAC acts as an antiproliferation agents particularly against breast and cervical cancers by inducing cell cycle arrest in the S/G2 phase and caspase dependent apoptosis at relatively low ( < 10 μg/mL) and high ( > 50 µg/mL) concentrations, respectively.

Keywords: antiproliferation agent; Paulownia coreana; isoatriplicolide tiglate

Correction

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  A Correction was published on 7 March 2013 http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/18/3/3041 (PDF, 123 KB)

  In a Comment recently published in Molecules [1], Prof. C. Wiart took issue with our identification of the plant species used in our work as Paulownia coreana. Although this name was assigned by H. Uyeki in 1925 [2], appears as such in handbooks of Korean flora [3], and examples of its use can be found in the recent literature [4–9], after reviewing the arguments and references presented in [1], we now recognize that this is no longer considered an accepted species name, and therefore we wish to revise our assignment to Pauwlonia tormentosa (Thunb.) Steud. We thank Prof. Wiart for bringing this fact to our attention and apologize to the readership of Molecules for any confusion caused by our previous classification of the species.

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