Molecules 2011, 16(8), 7043-7057; doi:10.3390/molecules16087043
Article

Development of a Highly Sensitive and Specific Immunoassay for Determining Chrysoidine, A Banned Dye, in Soybean Milk Film

Hongtao Lei 1 email, Jin Liu 1 email, Lijun Song 1 email, Yudong Shen 1 email, Simon A. Haughey 2 email, Haoxian Guo 1 email, Jinyi Yang 1 email, Zhenlin Xu 1 email, Yueming Jiang 3,* email and Yuanming Sun 1,* email
1 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China 2 Institute of Agri-Food and Land Use, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, UK 3 Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, China
* Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 18 July 2011; in revised form: 7 August 2011 / Accepted: 11 August 2011 / Published: 17 August 2011
(This article belongs to the Section Organic Synthesis)
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Abstract: A highly specific and sensitive indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icELISA）was developed for the first time for the detection of chrysoidine, a dye banned in soybean milk film. Two haptens with different spacer arms were synthesized to produce antibodies. Both homologous and heterologous immunoassay formats were compared to enhance the icELISA sensitivity. The heterologous icELISA exhibited better performance, with an IC50 (50% inhibitory concentration) of 0.33 ng/mL, a limit of detection (LOD, 10% inhibitory concentration) of 0.04 ng/mL, and a limit of quantitation (LOQ, 20%–80% inhibitory concentration) from 0.09 to 4.9 ng/mL. The developed icELISA was high sensitive and specific, and was applied to determine chrysoidine in fortified soybean milk film samples. The results were in good agreement with that obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses.
Keywords: chrysoidine; antibody; ELISA; soybean milk film

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Cite This Article

MDPI and ACS Style

Lei, H.; Liu, J.; Song, L.; Shen, Y.; Haughey, S.A.; Guo, H.; Yang, J.; Xu, Z.; Jiang, Y.; Sun, Y. Development of a Highly Sensitive and Specific Immunoassay for Determining Chrysoidine, A Banned Dye, in Soybean Milk Film. Molecules 2011, 16, 7043-7057.

AMA Style

Lei H, Liu J, Song L, Shen Y, Haughey SA, Guo H, Yang J, Xu Z, Jiang Y, Sun Y. Development of a Highly Sensitive and Specific Immunoassay for Determining Chrysoidine, A Banned Dye, in Soybean Milk Film. Molecules. 2011; 16(8):7043-7057.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lei, Hongtao; Liu, Jin; Song, Lijun; Shen, Yudong; Haughey, Simon A.; Guo, Haoxian; Yang, Jinyi; Xu, Zhenlin; Jiang, Yueming; Sun, Yuanming. 2011. "Development of a Highly Sensitive and Specific Immunoassay for Determining Chrysoidine, A Banned Dye, in Soybean Milk Film." Molecules 16, no. 8: 7043-7057.

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