Molecules 2010, 15(7), 4511-4525; doi:10.3390/molecules15074511
Article

Palladium/Zirconium Oxide Nanocomposite as a Highly Recyclable Catalyst for C-C Coupling Reactions in Water

Antonio Monopoli 1 , Angelo Nacci 1,2,* email, Vincenzo Calò 1 , Francesco Ciminale 1 , Pietro Cotugno 1 , Annarosa Mangone 1 , Lorena Carla Giannossa 1 , Pietro Azzone 1  and Nicola Cioffi 1,* email
1 Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70126-Bari, Italy 2 CNR – ICCOM, Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70126-Bari, Italy
* Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 10 May 2010; in revised form: 16 June 2010 / Accepted: 21 June 2010 / Published: 24 June 2010
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nano-catalysts and Nano-technologies for Green Organic Synthesis)
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Abstract: Palladium nanoparticles have been electrochemically supported on zirconium oxide nanostructured powders and all the nanomaterials have been characterized by several analytical techniques. The Pd/ZrO2 nanocatalyst is demonstrated to be a very efficient catalyst in Heck, Ullmann, and Suzuki reactions of aryl halides in water. The catalyst efficiency is attributed to the stabilization of Pd nanophases provided by tetra(alkyl)- ammonium hydroxide, which behaves both as base and PTC (phase transfer catalyst) agent.
Keywords: C-C coupling; palladium; colloids; green chemistry; nanocomposite catalysts

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MDPI and ACS Style

Monopoli, A.; Nacci, A.; Calò, V.; Ciminale, F.; Cotugno, P.; Mangone, A.; Giannossa, L.C.; Azzone, P.; Cioffi, N. Palladium/Zirconium Oxide Nanocomposite as a Highly Recyclable Catalyst for C-C Coupling Reactions in Water. Molecules 2010, 15, 4511-4525.

AMA Style

Monopoli A, Nacci A, Calò V, Ciminale F, Cotugno P, Mangone A, Giannossa LC, Azzone P, Cioffi N. Palladium/Zirconium Oxide Nanocomposite as a Highly Recyclable Catalyst for C-C Coupling Reactions in Water. Molecules. 2010; 15(7):4511-4525.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Monopoli, Antonio; Nacci, Angelo; Calò, Vincenzo; Ciminale, Francesco; Cotugno, Pietro; Mangone, Annarosa; Giannossa, Lorena Carla; Azzone, Pietro; Cioffi, Nicola. 2010. "Palladium/Zirconium Oxide Nanocomposite as a Highly Recyclable Catalyst for C-C Coupling Reactions in Water." Molecules 15, no. 7: 4511-4525.

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